膳食盐摄入量与痴呆症风险之间的因果关系:孟德尔随机研究

IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q2 GENETICS & HEREDITY Genes and Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI:10.1186/s12263-024-00741-w
Ke Shi, Yongbo Yu, Zhaolin Li, Miaomiao Hou, Xinyi Li
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:观察性研究表明,膳食盐摄入量与痴呆症易感性之间存在潜在联系。然而,需要注意的是,这类研究容易出现反向因果关系和残余混杂的问题。因此,我们进行了一项双样本孟德尔随机化(MR)研究来探讨其因果关系:为了探讨两者之间的因果关系,这项孟德尔随机(MR)研究纳入了膳食盐摄入量和痴呆症的汇总统计数据。我们估算了食盐摄入量与总体痴呆症和各种亚型痴呆症(包括阿尔茨海默病(AD)、血管性痴呆症(VaD)和路易体痴呆症(LBD))发病风险之间的因果关系。逆方差加权(IVW)法是主要的 MR 分析方法。为了进行敏感性分析,我们采用了多种 MR 方法、多效性残差总和与离群值(MR-PRESSO)方法以及撇除法。MR-Egger截距和Cochran's Q检验分别用于检测多向性和异质性:结果:在欧洲血统中,膳食盐摄入量较高与总体痴呆风险增加之间存在提示性关联[几率比(OR):1.542;95% 置信区间(95% CI):1.095-2.169;P = 0.013]。膳食盐摄入量与总体痴呆症之间的因果关系在统计方法的选择上是稳健的,并通过广泛的敏感性分析得到了验证,这些分析防止了各种违反模型假设的情况。同时,没有发现明显的异质性或多效应。然而,我们未能发现膳食盐摄入量对各种痴呆症亚型风险的因果效应:本研究结果提供了强有力的证据,证明膳食盐摄入量与患痴呆症的可能性之间存在显著关联。这些研究结果强化了这样一种观点,即膳食中盐的摄入量在决定罹患痴呆症的风险方面起着至关重要的作用。通过建立明确的相关性,这项研究强调了减少食盐摄入量作为痴呆症预防措施的重要性。
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Causal relationship between dietary salt intake and dementia risk: Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Observational research has indicated a potential link between dietary salt intake and susceptibility to dementia. However, it is important to note that these types of studies are prone to the issues of reverse causation and residual confounding. Therefore, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the causality.

Method: To explore the causal relationship between them, this Mendelian randomization (MR) study incorporated summary statistics of dietary salt intake and dementia. We estimated the causality between salt intake and the risk of overall dementia and various subtypes of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Vascular dementia (VaD), and Lewy body dementia (LBD). The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method was the major MR analysis. To conduct sensitivity analyses, we employed various MR methods, the pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) method, and the leave-one-out approach. The MR-Egger intercept and Cochran's Q test were conducted to test pleiotropy and heterogeneity respectively.

Results: A suggestive association was observed for genetically predicted higher dietary salt intake and increased risk of overall dementia in the European ancestry [odds ratio (OR): 1.542; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.095-2.169; P = 0.013]. The causal relationship between dietary salt intake and overall dementia is robust with respect to the choice of statistical methods and is validated through extensive sensitivity analyses that guard against various model assumption violations. Meanwhile, no clear heterogeneity or pleiotropy was identified. However, we failed to detect a causal effect of dietary salt intake on the risk of various dementia subtypes.

Conclusion: The results of this research present strong evidence that established a significant association between dietary salt intake and the likelihood of developing dementia. These findings reinforce the notion that the amount of dietary salt intake plays a crucial role in determining the risk of acquiring this cognitive condition. By establishing a definitive correlation, this study highlights the importance of reducing salt consumption as a preventive measure against dementia.

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来源期刊
Genes and Nutrition
Genes and Nutrition 生物-遗传学
CiteScore
6.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
14
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: This journal examines the relationship between genetics and nutrition, with the ultimate goal of improving human health. It publishes original research articles and review articles on preclinical research data coming largely from animal, cell culture and other experimental models as well as critical evaluations of human experimental data to help deliver products with medically proven use.
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