下一代测序代谢编码测定揭示了蒙古犬的多种细菌病媒病原体

Cassandra Davitt , Lucas G. Huggins , Martin Pfeffer , Lkhagvasuren Batchimeg , Malcolm Jones , Banzragch Battur , Anke K. Wiethoelter , Rebecca Traub
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摘要

病媒携带的细菌病原体(BVBPs)对全世界犬类的健康造成了负面影响,其中一些病原体还具有人畜共通性,给人类带来了额外的疾病风险。迄今为止,蒙古多个省(aimags)都有关于人类和各种食草动物及家畜宿主感染 BVBPs 的报道;但是,还没有关于蒙古犬类中这些病原体的公开数据。鉴于蒙古幅员辽阔、气候区域多样、狗的数量庞大(其中大部分与人类和家畜密切共处),收集此类数据非常重要。因此,我们使用了细菌靶向新一代测序代谢编码(mNGS)测定来测试 mNGS 作为概念验证研究的可行性,以确定在 100 只蒙古犬中检测到 BVBP。大多数狗(n = 74)至少感染了已确定的六种 BVBP 中的一种;包括三种血支原体(也称为向血支原体,n = 71)、罗卡利马氏巴顿氏菌(n = 3)、埃利希氏菌属(n = 2)和板疽(n = 1)。单变量分析发现,狗的性别、住所和角色与 BVBP 感染有关。公犬感染 BVBP 的几率是母犬的 4.33 倍(95% CI:1.61-11.62,P = 0.003)。本研究中的大多数狗都在户外饲养,并经常与牲畜和人类直接接触,这表明狗可能会造成 BVBPs 在蒙古的传播和扩散,并可能成为流行病学的哨兵。这项研究强调了在研究不足的地区进行病原体监测研究的重要性,加强了 mNGS 作为探索性诊断工具的有效性,并强调有必要进一步对蒙古犬进行更大规模的血清流行研究。
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Next-generation sequencing metabarcoding assays reveal diverse bacterial vector-borne pathogens of Mongolian dogs

Bacterial vector-borne pathogens (BVBPs) negatively impact canine health worldwide, with several also being zoonotic, posing an additional disease risk to humans. To date, BVBPs have been reported in humans and various sylvatic and domestic animal hosts across multiple Mongolian aimags (provinces); however, there has been no published data on these pathogens within Mongolia’s canine populations. Collection of such data is important given Mongolia’s size, diverse number of climatic regions, and large population of dogs, most of which closely share their environment with humans and livestock. Therefore, a bacteria-targeting next-generation sequencing metabarcoding (mNGS) assay was used to test the feasibility of mNGS as a proof-of-concept study to ascertain the detection of BVBP in 100 Mongolian dogs. The majority of dogs (n = 74) were infected with at least one of six BVBPs identified; including three species of haemoplasmas (also known as haemotropic mycoplasmas, n = 71), Bartonella rochalimae (n = 3), Ehrlichia spp. (n = 2) and Anaplasma platys (n = 1). Univariable analysis found sex, housing, and role of the dog to be associated with BVBP infection. Male dogs had 4.33 (95% CI: 1.61–11.62, P = 0.003) times the odds of infection with BVBPs compared to females. The majority of dogs included in this study were kept outdoors and had regular direct contact with both livestock and humans, indicating that dogs may contribute to the transmission and dissemination of BVBPs in Mongolia and could act as epidemiological sentinels. This study underscores the importance of pathogen surveillance studies in under-researched regions, reinforces the efficacy of mNGS as an explorative diagnostic tool, and emphasises the need for further larger-scale seroprevalence studies of Mongolian dogs.

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