{"title":"多组分合金增材制造中对流热量和溶质传递的晶格玻尔兹曼建模","authors":"Wenbin Zhang , Dongke Sun , Wei Chen , Shuanglin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.addma.2024.104089","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Additive manufacturing (AM) is a remarkable breakthrough technology, allowing for the direct fabrication of three-dimensional components through the layer-by-layer stacking of materials. A novel free Surface lattice Boltzmann (LB) model is developed to simulate the heat and solute transfer in AM of multi-component alloys. The behavior liquid phase is described by using the free surface LB model, and the phase transitions between solid and liquid are modeled by using the LB-enthalpy method. A LB equation is directly constructed, which accounts for solute transfer in a certain multi-component alloys system. The thermodynamic information used in the calculation of phase transitions are determined by an extensive thermodynamic database. The model is validated via several benchmark examples of fluid flow and heat transfer. The characteristics of convective heat and solute transfer within various AM are investigated. Finally, the non-equilibrium convective heat transfer, phase transitions, and macroscopic segregation are discussed within the AM melt pools. The melt pool expands and convective heat transfer is enhanced by the Marangoni effect. Thus there is a consistent decrease in solute segregation. The solute segregation is more severe near the surface of the deposit layer. Additionally, the thermal convection experiences cyclic intensification attributed to the successive impact of multiple droplets in wire feeding and melting AM. This continuous impact serves to diminish the solute segregation. The results underscore the significant potential and advantages of LB method in accurately simulating the AM, which provides valuable insights for understanding the underlying mechanism of heat and solute transfer in materials and manufacturing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7172,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Lattice Boltzmann modeling of convective heat and solute transfer in additive manufacturing of multi-component alloys\",\"authors\":\"Wenbin Zhang , Dongke Sun , Wei Chen , Shuanglin Chen\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.addma.2024.104089\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Additive manufacturing (AM) is a remarkable breakthrough technology, allowing for the direct fabrication of three-dimensional components through the layer-by-layer stacking of materials. A novel free Surface lattice Boltzmann (LB) model is developed to simulate the heat and solute transfer in AM of multi-component alloys. The behavior liquid phase is described by using the free surface LB model, and the phase transitions between solid and liquid are modeled by using the LB-enthalpy method. A LB equation is directly constructed, which accounts for solute transfer in a certain multi-component alloys system. The thermodynamic information used in the calculation of phase transitions are determined by an extensive thermodynamic database. The model is validated via several benchmark examples of fluid flow and heat transfer. The characteristics of convective heat and solute transfer within various AM are investigated. Finally, the non-equilibrium convective heat transfer, phase transitions, and macroscopic segregation are discussed within the AM melt pools. The melt pool expands and convective heat transfer is enhanced by the Marangoni effect. Thus there is a consistent decrease in solute segregation. The solute segregation is more severe near the surface of the deposit layer. Additionally, the thermal convection experiences cyclic intensification attributed to the successive impact of multiple droplets in wire feeding and melting AM. This continuous impact serves to diminish the solute segregation. The results underscore the significant potential and advantages of LB method in accurately simulating the AM, which provides valuable insights for understanding the underlying mechanism of heat and solute transfer in materials and manufacturing.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7172,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Additive manufacturing\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":10.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-03-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Additive manufacturing\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214860424001350\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Additive manufacturing","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214860424001350","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
增材制造(AM)是一项具有重大突破的技术,可通过逐层堆叠材料直接制造三维部件。本研究开发了一种新颖的自由表面晶格玻尔兹曼(LB)模型,用于模拟多组分合金在增材制造过程中的热量和溶质传递。自由表面 LB 模型描述了行为液相,LB-焓法模拟了固液之间的相变。直接构建的 LB 方程考虑了特定多组分合金体系中的溶质转移。计算相变所用的热力学信息由一个庞大的热力学数据库确定。该模型通过几个流体流动和热传递的基准实例进行了验证。研究了各种 AM 内对流传热和溶质传递的特点。最后,讨论了 AM 熔池中的非平衡对流传热、相变和宏观偏析。在马兰戈尼效应的作用下,熔池扩大,对流传热增强。因此,溶质偏析持续减少。沉积层表面附近的溶质偏析更为严重。此外,在送丝和熔化 AM 的过程中,由于多个液滴的连续冲击,热对流会出现周期性增强。这种持续的影响有助于减少溶质偏析。这些结果凸显了 LB 方法在精确模拟 AM 方面的巨大潜力和优势,为理解材料和制造过程中热量和溶质传递的基本机制提供了宝贵的见解。
Lattice Boltzmann modeling of convective heat and solute transfer in additive manufacturing of multi-component alloys
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a remarkable breakthrough technology, allowing for the direct fabrication of three-dimensional components through the layer-by-layer stacking of materials. A novel free Surface lattice Boltzmann (LB) model is developed to simulate the heat and solute transfer in AM of multi-component alloys. The behavior liquid phase is described by using the free surface LB model, and the phase transitions between solid and liquid are modeled by using the LB-enthalpy method. A LB equation is directly constructed, which accounts for solute transfer in a certain multi-component alloys system. The thermodynamic information used in the calculation of phase transitions are determined by an extensive thermodynamic database. The model is validated via several benchmark examples of fluid flow and heat transfer. The characteristics of convective heat and solute transfer within various AM are investigated. Finally, the non-equilibrium convective heat transfer, phase transitions, and macroscopic segregation are discussed within the AM melt pools. The melt pool expands and convective heat transfer is enhanced by the Marangoni effect. Thus there is a consistent decrease in solute segregation. The solute segregation is more severe near the surface of the deposit layer. Additionally, the thermal convection experiences cyclic intensification attributed to the successive impact of multiple droplets in wire feeding and melting AM. This continuous impact serves to diminish the solute segregation. The results underscore the significant potential and advantages of LB method in accurately simulating the AM, which provides valuable insights for understanding the underlying mechanism of heat and solute transfer in materials and manufacturing.
期刊介绍:
Additive Manufacturing stands as a peer-reviewed journal dedicated to delivering high-quality research papers and reviews in the field of additive manufacturing, serving both academia and industry leaders. The journal's objective is to recognize the innovative essence of additive manufacturing and its diverse applications, providing a comprehensive overview of current developments and future prospects.
The transformative potential of additive manufacturing technologies in product design and manufacturing is poised to disrupt traditional approaches. In response to this paradigm shift, a distinctive and comprehensive publication outlet was essential. Additive Manufacturing fulfills this need, offering a platform for engineers, materials scientists, and practitioners across academia and various industries to document and share innovations in these evolving technologies.