Innovation Strategies and Technical Efficiency

In the innovation literature, little attention has been paid to technical efficiency as a measure of performance, despite the fact that technical efficiency is key to explaining firm productivity. In this study we analyze the influence of internal R&D, external R&D and R&D cooperation on the technical efficiency of the firm. The data used come from the Panel de Innovación Tecnológica 2016 for Spanish companies, from whose database we have selected the set of innovative manufacturing firms. To estimate the coefficients of interest we have constructed a knowledge production function, estimated using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) and the Heckman correction. The results indicate that both internal R&D and R&D cooperation have a positive and significant influence on technical efficiency, while external R&D has a significant negative relationship. Knowing this type of information in advance is very important for business managers and policy makers, since it facilitates decision-making on innovation strategies, as well as the formulation of public policies to support innovation leading to an efficient allocation of public resources.