Modern paradigm in the diagnosis of cystic diseases of the kidneys

Cystic diseases of the kidneys are a fairly common pathology, which has a negative impact on the course of underlying disease affecting the kidneys, or even being the primary renal pathology. The purpose of this review is to analyze the latest literature data on the etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of cystic kidney diseases. This article highlights some aspects of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of cystic kidney diseases in order to deepen knowledge about this pathology. Important nuances of ultrasound diagnosis of cystic kidney diseases are discussed. Modern equipment allows diagnosing almost all variants of cystic kidney disease. Training in ultrasound examination or at least knowledge of sonographic interpretation should be part of training in nephro­logy.