Christian Geiger, Sophie Grabmann, T. Weiss, Alena Gruendl, M. F. Zaeh
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The properties of the microporous layer regarding the water transport at high current densities and, consequently, the fuel cell’s performance and lifetime can be improved by laser structuring. Within this work, different microporous layers with varying binder content and porosities were structured by locally ablating the material using ultrashort-pulsed laser radiation in the infrared wavelength range. The effect of varying process parameters was additionally investigated. Furthermore, the ablation efficiencies were calculated for increasing pulse repetition rates to qualify a process window for an industrial structuring process. The size of the micro-drillings and the heat-affected zone surrounding the hole were evaluated through topographic and microstructure analyses using a laser scanning microscope and a scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
氢动力聚合物电解质膜燃料电池(PEMFCs)在为各种移动和固定应用提供动力以及大幅减少温室气体排放方面显示出巨大的潜力。在 PEMFC 中,氧传输和水传输对于长寿命和高性能特性至关重要。扩散介质(DM)位于双极板和催化剂涂层膜之间,是燃料电池的重要组成部分,对电池内部过程有重大影响。通常,DM 是一种双层材料系统,由涂覆在多孔气体扩散层(如碳纸)上的基于炭黑颗粒的微孔层组成。微孔层在高电流密度下的水传输特性,以及由此产生的燃料电池性能和寿命,可以通过激光构造得到改善。在这项工作中,通过使用红外波长范围内的超短脉冲激光辐射对材料进行局部烧蚀,形成了不同粘合剂含量和孔隙率的微孔层。此外,还研究了不同工艺参数的影响。此外,还计算了脉冲重复率增加时的烧蚀效率,以确定工业结构化工艺的工艺窗口。通过使用激光扫描显微镜和扫描电子显微镜以及能量色散 X 射线光谱仪进行形貌和微结构分析,对微钻孔的尺寸和孔周围的热影响区进行了评估。结果表明,微孔层的孔隙率和成分对烧蚀行为的影响很小。相比之下,激光结构参数对微钻孔几何形状的影响很大。
Influence of the material properties and the process parameters on the ablation behavior for the laser structuring of the diffusion media for fuel cells
Hydrogen-powered polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) show promising potential to power a wide range of mobile and stationary applications and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly. In PEMFCs, the oxygen transport and the water transport are essential for a long lifetime and high-performance characteristics. The diffusion media (DM), located between the bipolar plate and the catalyst-coated membrane, is a crucial component of the fuel cell that significantly affects the cell-internal processes. Usually, the DM is a two-layer material system consisting of a microporous layer based on carbon black particles coated onto a porous gas diffusion layer (e.g., carbon paper). The properties of the microporous layer regarding the water transport at high current densities and, consequently, the fuel cell’s performance and lifetime can be improved by laser structuring. Within this work, different microporous layers with varying binder content and porosities were structured by locally ablating the material using ultrashort-pulsed laser radiation in the infrared wavelength range. The effect of varying process parameters was additionally investigated. Furthermore, the ablation efficiencies were calculated for increasing pulse repetition rates to qualify a process window for an industrial structuring process. The size of the micro-drillings and the heat-affected zone surrounding the hole were evaluated through topographic and microstructure analyses using a laser scanning microscope and a scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. The results showed a rather small influence of the porosity and composition of the microporous layer on the ablation behavior. In contrast, the laser structuring parameters influenced the micro-drilling geometry significantly.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Laser Applications (JLA) is the scientific platform of the Laser Institute of America (LIA) and is published in cooperation with AIP Publishing. The high-quality articles cover a broad range from fundamental and applied research and development to industrial applications. Therefore, JLA is a reflection of the state-of-R&D in photonic production, sensing and measurement as well as Laser safety.
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