Dongmei Tang, Kezhang Qin, Yajing Mao, Noreen J. Evans, Shengchao Xue, Mingjian Cao
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Serpentinite magmatic-hydrothermal genesis is indicated by the following: (i) high Rb/Y and Th/Zr ratios, low Nb/Zr ratios, and low δ<sup>65</sup>Cu values; (ii) altered magnetite rims on spinel being characterized by high Cr, Ni, and Ti, and low Ga contents; (iii) pyrite appears along the boundary of spinel grains and has a higher Co and Ni content than pyrite in ores. Therefore, the ultramafic host rocks are formed by strong fluid alteration of primary mantle rocks. The compositional zoning of Co, Cu, and Zn in euhedral coarse-grained pyrite from massive sulfide ore suggests that metal enrichment was associated with three fluid phases, with a clear temporal interval between the fluid activity that introduced Co/Cu enrichment and Zn enrichment (Zn-rich veins in magnetite cross-cut early spinel). Serpentinite exhibits a higher Zn content and decoupling of Ni and Co contents compared to Dur’ngoi ophiolite serpentinite distal from the orebody, implying primary ultramafic rocks may have provided Co to the ores. The apparently high Cu content of the Dur’ngoi ophiolite basalt in comparison with ophiolite basalts worldwide indicates basalt may have supplied the Cu.</p>","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Source of metals in the De’erni ultramafic-hosted volcanic massive sulfide deposit, Eastern Kunlun, China\",\"authors\":\"Dongmei Tang, Kezhang Qin, Yajing Mao, Noreen J. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
De'erni 铜锌钴矿床是一个典型的蚀变超基性火山成因块状硫化物矿床,由四个透镜状主矿体组成(铜 0.57 亿吨,铜平均矿石品位 1.27%;钴 0.03 亿吨,钴平均矿石品位 0.09%;锌 0.16 亿吨,锌平均矿石品位 1.04%),矿体赋存于蛇纹岩中,在 I 号矿体下方发现了 200 米厚的玄武岩。蛇绿岩尖晶石 Al2O3、TiO2、Cr#和 Mg#表明其来源于地幔。蛇绿岩的岩浆-热液成因有以下迹象:(i) Rb/Y 和 Th/Zr 比值高,Nb/Zr 比值低,δ65Cu 值低;(ii) 尖晶石上的蚀变磁铁矿边缘具有 Cr、Ni 和 Ti 含量高而 Ga 含量低的特征;(iii) 黄铁矿出现在尖晶石晶粒的边界,其 Co 和 Ni 含量高于矿石中的黄铁矿。因此,超基性主岩是由原生地幔岩强烈流体蚀变形成的。块状硫化矿中的八面体粗粒黄铁矿中的钴、铜和锌的成分分区表明,金属富集与三个流体阶段有关,引入钴/铜富集的流体活动与锌富集(磁铁矿中的富锌脉交叉切割早期尖晶石)之间存在明显的时间间隔。与距矿体较远的 Dur'ngoi 蛇绿岩相比,蛇绿岩的锌含量较高,镍和钴的含量脱钩,这意味着原生超基性岩可能为矿石提供了钴。与世界各地的蛇绿岩玄武岩相比,Dur'ngoi蛇绿岩玄武岩的铜含量明显偏高,这表明玄武岩可能提供了铜。
Source of metals in the De’erni ultramafic-hosted volcanic massive sulfide deposit, Eastern Kunlun, China
The De’erni Cu–Zn-Co deposit is a typical altered ultramafic-hosted volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit comprising four lenticular main orebodies (0.57 Mt Cu, 1.27% Cu average ore grade; 0.03 Mt Co, 0.09% Co average ore grade; 0.16 Mt Zn, 1.04% Zn average ore grade) hosted in serpentinite and a 200-m-thick basalt was found below the No. I orebody. Serpentinite spinel Al2O3, TiO2, Cr#, and Mg# indicate a mantle-source. Serpentinite magmatic-hydrothermal genesis is indicated by the following: (i) high Rb/Y and Th/Zr ratios, low Nb/Zr ratios, and low δ65Cu values; (ii) altered magnetite rims on spinel being characterized by high Cr, Ni, and Ti, and low Ga contents; (iii) pyrite appears along the boundary of spinel grains and has a higher Co and Ni content than pyrite in ores. Therefore, the ultramafic host rocks are formed by strong fluid alteration of primary mantle rocks. The compositional zoning of Co, Cu, and Zn in euhedral coarse-grained pyrite from massive sulfide ore suggests that metal enrichment was associated with three fluid phases, with a clear temporal interval between the fluid activity that introduced Co/Cu enrichment and Zn enrichment (Zn-rich veins in magnetite cross-cut early spinel). Serpentinite exhibits a higher Zn content and decoupling of Ni and Co contents compared to Dur’ngoi ophiolite serpentinite distal from the orebody, implying primary ultramafic rocks may have provided Co to the ores. The apparently high Cu content of the Dur’ngoi ophiolite basalt in comparison with ophiolite basalts worldwide indicates basalt may have supplied the Cu.
期刊介绍:
The journal Mineralium Deposita introduces new observations, principles, and interpretations from the field of economic geology, including nonmetallic mineral deposits, experimental and applied geochemistry, with emphasis on mineral deposits. It offers short and comprehensive articles, review papers, brief original papers, scientific discussions and news, as well as reports on meetings of importance to mineral research. The emphasis is on high-quality content and form for all articles and on international coverage of subject matter.