相机长度可调的高能电子衍射仪。

IF 2.3 2区 物理与天体物理 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Structural Dynamics-Us Pub Date : 2024-03-25 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI:10.1063/4.0000240
P Denham, Y Yang, V Guo, A Fisher, X Shen, T Xu, R J England, R K Li, P Musumeci
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引用次数: 0

摘要

超快电子衍射(UED)是一种实时观测原子级结构动态的强大技术。近年来,人们广泛采用射频枪发射的兆电子伏(MeV)电子,以利用相对论抑制空间电荷效应的优势,否则空间电荷效应将限制该技术的时间分辨率。然而,UED 仪器的最佳能量并没有明确的选择。放大到高于几 MeV 的光束能量确实会带来巨大的技术挑战,这主要与布拉格角变小导致衍射相机长度增加有关。在本研究中,我们报告了一种解决方案,即使用紧凑型后样品磁性光学系统来放大由 8.2 MeV 电子束照射的晶体金样品的衍射图样。作为光学系统的透镜之一,我们的方法采用了紧凑型、高场梯度(>500 T/m)、小间隙(3.5 mm)哈尔巴赫永磁四极杆。通过移动四极杆的相对位置,我们展示了将放大倍率调整了两倍多,相机长度提高了 6 倍,倒数空间分辨率优于 0.1 Å-1,与光束传输模拟一致。
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High energy electron diffraction instrument with tunable camera length.

Ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) stands as a powerful technique for real-time observation of structural dynamics at the atomic level. In recent years, the use of MeV electrons from radio frequency guns has been widely adopted to take advantage of the relativistic suppression of the space charge effects that otherwise limit the temporal resolution of the technique. Nevertheless, there is not a clear choice for the optimal energy for a UED instrument. Scaling to beam energies higher than a few MeV does pose significant technical challenges, mainly related to the inherent increase in diffraction camera length associated with the smaller Bragg angles. In this study, we report a solution by using a compact post-sample magnetic optical system to magnify the diffraction pattern from a crystal Au sample illuminated by an 8.2 MeV electron beam. Our method employs, as one of the lenses of the optical system, a triplet of compact, high field gradients (>500 T/m), small-gap (3.5 mm) Halbach permanent magnet quadrupoles. Shifting the relative position of the quadrupoles, we demonstrate tuning the magnification by more than a factor of two, a 6× improvement in camera length, and reciprocal space resolution better than 0.1 Å-1 in agreement with beam transport simulations.

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来源期刊
Structural Dynamics-Us
Structural Dynamics-Us CHEMISTRY, PHYSICALPHYSICS, ATOMIC, MOLECU-PHYSICS, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR & CHEMICAL
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
3.60%
发文量
24
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Structural Dynamics focuses on the recent developments in experimental and theoretical methods and techniques that allow a visualization of the electronic and geometric structural changes in real time of chemical, biological, and condensed-matter systems. The community of scientists and engineers working on structural dynamics in such diverse systems often use similar instrumentation and methods. The journal welcomes articles dealing with fundamental problems of electronic and structural dynamics that are tackled by new methods, such as: Time-resolved X-ray and electron diffraction and scattering, Coherent diffractive imaging, Time-resolved X-ray spectroscopies (absorption, emission, resonant inelastic scattering, etc.), Time-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and electron microscopy, Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopies (UPS, XPS, ARPES, etc.), Multidimensional spectroscopies in the infrared, the visible and the ultraviolet, Nonlinear spectroscopies in the VUV, the soft and the hard X-ray domains, Theory and computational methods and algorithms for the analysis and description of structuraldynamics and their associated experimental signals. These new methods are enabled by new instrumentation, such as: X-ray free electron lasers, which provide flux, coherence, and time resolution, New sources of ultrashort electron pulses, New sources of ultrashort vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) to hard X-ray pulses, such as high-harmonic generation (HHG) sources or plasma-based sources, New sources of ultrashort infrared and terahertz (THz) radiation, New detectors for X-rays and electrons, New sample handling and delivery schemes, New computational capabilities.
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