Lucia Enriquez-Rodriguez , Noha Attia , Idoia Gallego , Mohamed Mashal , Iván Maldonado , Gustavo Puras , José Luis Pedraz
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引用次数: 0
摘要
多年来,嵌合抗原受体(CAR)T 细胞疗法在抗击血液恶性肿瘤方面取得了巨大成功,目前市场上有六种获得美国食品及药物管理局(FDA)批准的产品就是明证。CAR T 疗法彻底改变了我们对细胞免疫疗法的认识,目前这一主题的研究甚至扩展到了癌症领域之外,并取得了非常令人鼓舞的成果。迄今为止,CAR T 细胞的制造一直采用基于病毒的策略。然而,这种方法存在相关的局限性,需要在将这种技术广泛应用于其他病症之前加以解决,以优化目前的癌症治疗。目前正在探索几种方法来克服这些挑战,例如无病毒替代方法,它还提供了开发瞬时 CAR 表达或体内 T 细胞修饰的可能性。在这篇综述中,我们将重点介绍医学史上的一个关键时刻,在这一时刻,人们的观点正在发生重大变化。我们回顾了基于病毒的 CAR T 疗法目前所取得的进展及其局限性,并讨论了无病毒 CAR T 策略的未来前景,以克服当前的挑战,为包括癌症在内的各种病症提供负担得起的免疫疗法。
Expanding the horizon of transient CAR T therapeutics using virus-free technology
The extraordinary success that chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies have shown over the years on fighting hematological malignancies is evidenced by the six FDA-approved products present on the market. CAR T treatments have forever changed the way we understand cellular immunotherapies, as current research in the topic is expanding even outside the field of cancer with very promising results. Until now, virus-based strategies have been used for CAR T cell manufacturing. However, this methodology presents relevant limitations that need to be addressed prior to wide spreading this technology to other pathologies and in order to optimize current cancer treatments. Several approaches are being explored to overcome these challenges such as virus-free alternatives that additionally offer the possibility of developing transient CAR expression or in vivo T cell modification. In this review, we aim to spotlight a pivotal juncture in the history of medicine where a significant change in perspective is occurring. We review the current progress made on viral-based CAR T therapies as well as their limitations and we discuss the future outlook of virus-free CAR T strategies to overcome current challenges and achieve affordable immunotherapies for a wide variety of pathologies, including cancer.
期刊介绍:
Biotechnology Advances is a comprehensive review journal that covers all aspects of the multidisciplinary field of biotechnology. The journal focuses on biotechnology principles and their applications in various industries, agriculture, medicine, environmental concerns, and regulatory issues. It publishes authoritative articles that highlight current developments and future trends in the field of biotechnology. The journal invites submissions of manuscripts that are relevant and appropriate. It targets a wide audience, including scientists, engineers, students, instructors, researchers, practitioners, managers, governments, and other stakeholders in the field. Additionally, special issues are published based on selected presentations from recent relevant conferences in collaboration with the organizations hosting those conferences.