迈向更好、更健康的空气质量:基于世界卫生组织 2021 年新空气质量准则的全球 PM2.5 和 O3 污染状况与风险评估

IF 4.4 4区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Global Challenges Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI:10.1002/gch2.202300258
Jianhua Liu, Chao He, Yajun Si, Bin Li, Qian Wu, Jinmian Ni, Yue Zhao, Qixin Hu, Shenwen Du, Zhendong Lu, Jiming Jin, Chao Xu
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摘要

为了减轻空气污染造成的高疾病负担,世界卫生组织(WHO)于 2021 年 9 月 22 日发布了新的《空气质量指南》(AQG)。本研究收集了 2019 年至 2022 年全球 618 个城市的每日细颗粒物(PM2.5)和地表臭氧(O3)数据。根据新的空气质量指南,PM2.5(≤ 15 µg m-3)和O3(≤ 100 µg m-3)日均浓度达标天数分别约为10%和90%。中国和印度的 PM 高污染天数(> 75 µg m-3)呈下降趋势。全球每年分别有超过 68% 和 27% 的城市受到有害 PM2.5(35 微克/立方米)和 O3(100 微克/立方米)污染的影响。结合联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs),可以发现全球超过 35% 的城市面临 PM2.5-O3 复合污染。此外,这些城市(中国、印度等)的暴露风险主要分为 "高风险"、"风险 "和 "稳定"。相比之下,经济发达城市主要分为 "高度安全"、"安全 "和 "深度稳定"。这些研究结果表明,在全球范围内实施世界卫生组织新的空气质量准则将最大限度地减少空气污染带来的不公平暴露风险。
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Toward Better and Healthier Air Quality: Global PM2.5 and O3 Pollution Status and Risk Assessment Based on the New WHO Air Quality Guidelines for 2021

To reduce the high burden of disease caused by air pollution, the World Health Organization (WHO) released new Air Quality Guidelines (AQG) on September 22, 2021. In this study, the daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and surface ozone (O3) data of 618 cities around the world is collected from 2019 to 2022. Based on the new AQG, the number of attainment days for daily average concentrations of PM2.5 (≤ 15 µg m−3) and O3 (≤ 100 µg m−3) is approximately 10% and 90%, respectively. China and India exhibit a decreasing trend in the number of highly polluted days (> 75 µg m−3) for PM. Every year over 68% and 27% of cities in the world are exposed to harmful PM2.5 (> 35 µg m−3) and O3 (> 100 µg m−3) pollution, respectively. Combined with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it is found that more than 35% of the world's cities face PM2.5-O3 compound pollution. Furthermore, the exposure risks in these cities (China, India, etc.) are mainly categorized as “High Risk”, “Risk”, and “Stabilization”. In contrast, economically developed cities are mainly categorized as “High Safety”, “Safety”, and “Deep Stabilization.” These findings indicate that global implementation of the WHO's new AQG will minimize the inequitable exposure risk from air pollution.

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来源期刊
Global Challenges
Global Challenges MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
79
审稿时长
16 weeks
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