{"title":"利用大型食草动物骨胶原的稳定同位素追踪(13C、15N)研究旧石器时代上古时期中部丘陵地区的环境状况","authors":"Dorothée G. Drucker, Laure Fontana","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3617","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The environmental conditions experienced by hunter-gatherers during the second part of the Upper Palaeolithic (ca. 28 000–15 000 cal <span>bp</span>) are poorly known in the mid-elevation volcanic mountains of the Massif Central in southern France. The stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen (<sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C and <sup>15</sup>N/<sup>14</sup>N expressed as δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N values) in bone collagen of large herbivores can track their diet and habitat, reflecting local abiotic conditions (temperature, aridity, altitude). Due to poor preservation of skeletal organic matter in the region, new radiocarbon dating was conducted on a limited number of quality-controlled collagen samples, based on a minimum carbon content of 30%. They document three main phases of occupation corresponding to the Final Gravettian, the Badegoulian and the Magdalenian, each of which is represented in different regions of the Allier and Loire valleys. Over time, a decrease in horse δ<sup>15</sup>N values, the best documented species of large herbivores, is found between the Final Gravettian (ca. 26 700–25 600 cal \n<span>bp</span>), around the Last Glacial Maximum and the Badegoulian (ca. 21 900–19 200 cal \n<span>bp</span>), followed by an increase in δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C values during the Magdalenian (ca. 19 100–16 600 cal \n<span>bp</span>). During the Badegoulian, the δ<sup>15</sup>N values of the horses were lower than those of their counterparts in southwestern France, testifying to harsh climatic conditions favourable to a tundra-like landscape, also reflected in the higher horse and reindeer δ<sup>13</sup>C values in the Allier valley compared to those in southwestern France. The relatively high δ<sup>13</sup>C and low δ<sup>15</sup>N values of a Final Gravettian wolf from the Allier valley suggests reindeer as a preferred prey, in line with their high abundance in the archaeological sites. Game access, rather than climatic conditions or lithic resources, seems to have motivated human groups to occupy the Massif Central during the Upper Palaeolithic.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.3617","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Environmental conditions in the Massif Central during the Upper Palaeolithic using stable isotope tracking (13C, 15N) of bone collagen from large herbivores\",\"authors\":\"Dorothée G. Drucker, Laure Fontana\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/jqs.3617\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>The environmental conditions experienced by hunter-gatherers during the second part of the Upper Palaeolithic (ca. 28 000–15 000 cal <span>bp</span>) are poorly known in the mid-elevation volcanic mountains of the Massif Central in southern France. The stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen (<sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C and <sup>15</sup>N/<sup>14</sup>N expressed as δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N values) in bone collagen of large herbivores can track their diet and habitat, reflecting local abiotic conditions (temperature, aridity, altitude). Due to poor preservation of skeletal organic matter in the region, new radiocarbon dating was conducted on a limited number of quality-controlled collagen samples, based on a minimum carbon content of 30%. They document three main phases of occupation corresponding to the Final Gravettian, the Badegoulian and the Magdalenian, each of which is represented in different regions of the Allier and Loire valleys. Over time, a decrease in horse δ<sup>15</sup>N values, the best documented species of large herbivores, is found between the Final Gravettian (ca. 26 700–25 600 cal \\n<span>bp</span>), around the Last Glacial Maximum and the Badegoulian (ca. 21 900–19 200 cal \\n<span>bp</span>), followed by an increase in δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C values during the Magdalenian (ca. 19 100–16 600 cal \\n<span>bp</span>). During the Badegoulian, the δ<sup>15</sup>N values of the horses were lower than those of their counterparts in southwestern France, testifying to harsh climatic conditions favourable to a tundra-like landscape, also reflected in the higher horse and reindeer δ<sup>13</sup>C values in the Allier valley compared to those in southwestern France. The relatively high δ<sup>13</sup>C and low δ<sup>15</sup>N values of a Final Gravettian wolf from the Allier valley suggests reindeer as a preferred prey, in line with their high abundance in the archaeological sites. Game access, rather than climatic conditions or lithic resources, seems to have motivated human groups to occupy the Massif Central during the Upper Palaeolithic.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16929,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Quaternary Science\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-03-28\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.3617\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Quaternary Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jqs.3617\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Quaternary Science","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jqs.3617","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Environmental conditions in the Massif Central during the Upper Palaeolithic using stable isotope tracking (13C, 15N) of bone collagen from large herbivores
The environmental conditions experienced by hunter-gatherers during the second part of the Upper Palaeolithic (ca. 28 000–15 000 cal bp) are poorly known in the mid-elevation volcanic mountains of the Massif Central in southern France. The stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen (13C/12C and 15N/14N expressed as δ13C and δ15N values) in bone collagen of large herbivores can track their diet and habitat, reflecting local abiotic conditions (temperature, aridity, altitude). Due to poor preservation of skeletal organic matter in the region, new radiocarbon dating was conducted on a limited number of quality-controlled collagen samples, based on a minimum carbon content of 30%. They document three main phases of occupation corresponding to the Final Gravettian, the Badegoulian and the Magdalenian, each of which is represented in different regions of the Allier and Loire valleys. Over time, a decrease in horse δ15N values, the best documented species of large herbivores, is found between the Final Gravettian (ca. 26 700–25 600 cal
bp), around the Last Glacial Maximum and the Badegoulian (ca. 21 900–19 200 cal
bp), followed by an increase in δ15N and δ13C values during the Magdalenian (ca. 19 100–16 600 cal
bp). During the Badegoulian, the δ15N values of the horses were lower than those of their counterparts in southwestern France, testifying to harsh climatic conditions favourable to a tundra-like landscape, also reflected in the higher horse and reindeer δ13C values in the Allier valley compared to those in southwestern France. The relatively high δ13C and low δ15N values of a Final Gravettian wolf from the Allier valley suggests reindeer as a preferred prey, in line with their high abundance in the archaeological sites. Game access, rather than climatic conditions or lithic resources, seems to have motivated human groups to occupy the Massif Central during the Upper Palaeolithic.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Quaternary Science publishes original papers on any field of Quaternary research, and aims to promote a wider appreciation and deeper understanding of the earth''s history during the last 2.58 million years. Papers from a wide range of disciplines appear in JQS including, for example, Archaeology, Botany, Climatology, Geochemistry, Geochronology, Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics, Glaciology, Limnology, Oceanography, Palaeoceanography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Palaeontology, Soil Science and Zoology. The journal particularly welcomes papers reporting the results of interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary research which are of wide international interest to Quaternary scientists. Short communications and correspondence relating to views and information contained in JQS may also be considered for publication.