中国准噶尔盆地白家海隆起深部煤层外部瓦斯成因及积聚机理

IF 5.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS International Journal of Coal Geology Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI:10.1016/j.coal.2024.104506
Bin Zhang , Shu Tao , Bin Sun , Shuling Tang , Shida Chen , Yijie Wen , Jincheng Ye
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引用次数: 0

摘要

煤层是典型的自采气储层。然而,在某些特殊情况下,煤层中也含有来自其他源岩的大量外部瓦斯。近年来成功的侏罗纪煤层气(CBM)开发战略证实,中国准噶尔盆地白家海隆起带的煤层中存在大量外部瓦斯,具有重要的勘探开发前景。然而,该地区侏罗纪煤层气的成因和来源仍不清楚,限制了我们对其形成和积聚的了解以及进一步开发战略的规划。本研究在全面分析侏罗系煤层气地球化学特征的基础上,结合侏罗系煤层埋藏和热演化历史研究,探讨了白家海隆起带典型井的产气曲线、区域构造样式、侏罗系煤层气的成因、来源和积聚。根据成因的不同,研究区内的侏罗纪煤层气主要分为煤型(腐殖型)气体、油型(溶蚀型)气体以及它们的混合物,均为中高成熟度的热成因气体。白家海隆起带侏罗纪煤层气主要有两个来源。一方面,它直接来自白家海隆起二叠纪和石炭纪源岩产生的气体的垂直迁移。另一方面,它来自东道海子和阜康下陷的区域横向迁移。东道海子和阜康下陷源岩产生的瓦斯在压力作用下,通过砂岩通道向白家海隆起迁移,并通过断层在侏罗系煤层中聚集。与普通自生煤层相比,大量外来气体富集煤层需要两个必要条件:(1)在比煤层更深的层位存在其他产气源岩层,构成煤层的额外气源;(2)区域内发育开放的断层系统,为其他层位的气体进入煤层提供通道。
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Genesis and accumulation mechanism of external gas in deep coal seams of the Baijiahai Uplift, Junggar Basin, China

Coal seams are typically self-sourced reservoirs. However, in certain special cases, the coal seams also contain large amounts of external gas from other source rocks. Successful development strategies in relation to Jurassic coalbed methane (CBM) in recent years have confirmed the presence of large amounts of external gas within the coal seams of the Baijiahai Uplift, Junggar Basin, China, which has important exploration and development prospects. However, the genesis and source of Jurassic CBM in the area remain unclear, limiting our understanding of its formation and accumulation as well as the planning of further development strategies. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the geochemical characteristics of Jurassic CBM, combined with research on the burial and thermal evolution history of the Jurassic coal seams, this study discusses the production curves of typical wells as well as regional tectonic styles, genesis, source, and accumulation of Jurassic CBM in the Baijiahai Uplift. Depending on the genesis, Jurassic CBM in the study area is divided mainly into coal-type (humic-type) gas, oil-type (sapropelic-type) gas, and mixtures of them, all of which are thermogenic gases of medium to high maturity. There are two main sources of Jurassic CBM in the Baijiahai Uplift. On the one hand, it comes from the vertical migration of gas generated by Permian and Carboniferous source rocks in the Baijiahai Uplift directly. On the other hand, it comes from the regional lateral migration from the Dongdaohaizi and Fukang Sags. Gas generated by source rocks in the Dongdaohaizi and Fukang Sags is driven by pressure, migrates towards the Baijiahai Uplift through sandstone channels, and accumulates in the Jurassic coal seams through faults. Compared with common self-sourced coal seams, enrichment of the coal seams with large amounts of external gases requires two necessary conditions: (1) Other layers of gas-generating source rocks are present at levels deeper than those of the coal seams, constituting additional gas sources for the coal seams, and (2) an open fault system is developed regionally, providing pathways for gas from other layers to enter the coal seams.

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来源期刊
International Journal of Coal Geology
International Journal of Coal Geology 工程技术-地球科学综合
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
14.30%
发文量
145
审稿时长
38 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Coal Geology deals with fundamental and applied aspects of the geology and petrology of coal, oil/gas source rocks and shale gas resources. The journal aims to advance the exploration, exploitation and utilization of these resources, and to stimulate environmental awareness as well as advancement of engineering for effective resource management.
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