Systematic review of quantitative research on digital competences of in-service school teachers

This systematic literature review provides an overview of quantitative research conducted between 2016 and 2021 on the digital competence of in-service school teachers. The main objective is to examine how the digital competence of in-service teachers is defined and measured, along with the explanatory factors influencing its development. The review focuses on databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and the Education Resources Information Center. Through a rigorous selection process involving search terms, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and an assessment of article quality, 44 articles were chosen from an initial set of 1845. Findings reveal that the assessment of in-service teacher digital competence typically encompasses five dimensions: (1) planning and preparation of digital-based lessons, (2) use of digital technologies to support teaching practices, (3) implementation of classroom activities incorporating student use of digital technologies, (4) utilization of digital technologies to foster 21st-century skills in students, and (5) emphasis on student digital skills. Furthermore, studies in the field tend to prioritize the measurement of in-service teacher abilities to use digital technologies for instructional planning and as a teaching resource. There is less emphasis on measuring their competence in guiding student-centered activities or developing students’ skills. The primary factors explaining digital competence include sociodemographic characteristics, technology use, teaching practice, experience, and attitudes towards ICT. In conclusion, the results highlight the need for a greater consensus and specification regarding the operationalization of in-service teacher digital competences, as well as the improvement of measurement instruments.