ANALYSIS OF WATER GOVERNANCE IN IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT INSTITUTIONS IN THE BENA IRRIGATION AREA, SOUTH AMANUBAN DISTRICT, SOUTH CENTRAL TIMOR REGENCY

Purpose: The aim of this research is to identify problems and evaluate the effectiveness of institutions in irrigation management in the Bena region, as well as understand the impact on farmers. This research also aims to provide comprehensive information about institutional governance and behavior of the government, private sector and community in irrigation management, as well as identifying strategies to increase the effectiveness of water management in the future.   Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework for this research includes the following concepts: clean water crisis, the link between water availability and food security, governance paradigms, the concept of sustainable development, the role of irrigation management institutions, institutional challenges, conflict and inefficiency in the allocation of water resources, and principles -environmental principles. This theoretical framework helps analyze water management problems in the Bena irrigation area and develop recommendations to improve the effectiveness of water management in the future.   Design/Methodology/Approach: The research was carried out using the descriptive analysis method, namely, by displaying or explaining clearly and in detail the conditions and realities in the region's irrigation management institutions.   Results: The results of the research show that there is no synergy between primary, secondary, and tertiary channels, increasing irrigation water conflicts, implementation of planting procedures without paying attention to water management conditions, construction results are not followed by asset management due to lack of budget allocation, and the empowerment, strengthening and participation of institutional water user farmer associations (P3A) has not been optimal so that the capacity of local governments, especially districts, in managing Bena water resources and irrigation is not optimal. Therefore, it is recommended that in the institutional context of irrigation management, each party involved must complement each other's work culture framework so that no one party dominates the running of the water governance. It is strong enough to replace the hierarchy.   Research, practical and social implications: The implications of this research include: providing an analytical model of water governance, identification of water governance challenges, recommendations for the adoption of customary water management practices, emphasis on stakeholder involvement in policy making, cultural adaptation and integration, and increased communication and collaboration. It provides a platform for researchers and policymakers to improve the effectiveness of water governance, while strengthening community engagement and paying attention to local cultural values.   Originality/Value: The originality of this research lies in the application of a new water governance analysis model, identification of specific challenges in water governance, recommendations for adopting indigenous water management practices, emphasis on stakeholder engagement, cultural adaptation, and improved communication and collaboration. It makes an important contribution to enriching understanding of water governance and offers practical guidance for improving the effectiveness and sustainability of water management at the local level.