西伯利亚西部栽培的部分半知母科(Sedoideae)植物中的生物活性化合物

T. Fomina, T. A. Kukushkina
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摘要

尽管赭石科(Sedoideae)亚科的代表性物种长期以来一直被用作药用植物,但大多数物种的生化成分仍未得到充分研究。这阻碍了它们在药理学和医学中的应用。本研究对半枝莲科植物地上部分在植被期开始和结束时的主要生物活性物质的含量进行了量化。研究人员对以下物种(原材料)的新鲜无性嫩枝进行了检测:Aizopsis aizoon (L.) Grulich、Aizopsis hybrida (L.) Grulich、Aizopsis kurilensis (Vorosch.) S. Gontch.、Hylotelephium ewersii (Ledeb.) H. Ohba、Sedum acre L.、Sedum album L.、Sedum hispanicum L.、Sedum reflexum L.、Sedum rupestre L.和 Sedum spurium M. Bieb。采用传统的植物化学分析方法。将 1 克原料干燥至恒重,测定固体含量。用分光光度法测定乙醇提取物中的酚类化合物、果胶物质和总糖的含量,计算相对于原料固体质量的指标。采用滴定分析法测定抗坏血酸在原料湿重中的浓度。测定了固体(7.22-18.98%)、儿茶素(0.14-6.01 mg%)、黄酮醇(0.59-3.11%)、单宁(4.44-26.73%)、果胶(0.14-3.51%)、原果胶(3.10-11.82%)、总糖(10.25-57.96%)和抗坏血酸(43.4-94.4 mg%)的含量。结果表明,在植被末期,酚类化合物、糖类和固形物呈积累趋势,果胶多糖含量下降。这些结果表明,栽培半枝莲具有作为各种生物活性化合物来源的潜力。
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Biologically active compounds in selected Sempervivoideae (Sedoideae) cultivated in Western Siberia
Although representative species of the Ochitaceae subfamily (Sedoideae) have long been used as medicinal plants, the biochemical composition of most species remains understudied. This hinders their use in pharmacology and medicine. This study quantifies the content of the main groups of biologically active substances in the aboveground part of the Sempervivoideae at the beginning and end of the vegetation period. Freshly harvested vegetative shoots of the following species (raw materials) were examined: Aizopsis aizoon (L.) Grulich, Aizopsis hybrida (L.) Grulich, Aizopsis kurilensis (Vorosch.) S. Gontch., Hylotelephium ewersii (Ledeb.) H. Ohba, Sedum acre L., Sedum album L., Sedum hispanicum L., Sedum reflexum L., Sedum rupestre L. and Sedum spurium M. Bieb. Conventional methods of phytochemical analysis were used. The solid content was determined by drying 1 g of raw materials to a constant weight. The amount of phenolic compounds, pectin substances and total sugars was determined by the spectrophotometric method in ethanolic extracts by calculating the indicators relative to the solid mass of the raw materials. Titrimetric analysis was used to determine the concentration of ascorbic acid in the wet weight of the raw material. The content of solid (7.22–18.98%), catechins (0.14–6.01 mg%), flavonols (0.59–3.11%), tannins (4.44–26.73%), pectins (0.14–3.51%), protopectins (3.10–11.82%), total sugars (10.25–57.96%) and ascorbic acid (43.4–94.4 mg%) was determined. The tendency to accumulate phenolic compounds, sugars and solids, along with a decrease in the content of pectin polysaccharides, by the end of the vegetation was revealed. The results indicate the potential for the cultivation of Sempervivoideae as a source of various bioactive compounds.
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