Manipulation Strategy to Increase Expression Level of Soluble Recombinant Protein Penicillin G Acylase (PGA) in Bacterial Host Escherichia coli: A Review Article

The strategy of producing PGA on a massive scale with high levels of soluble protein can be through recombinant genetic techniques and expressed in a certain host. E. coli is still a popular bacterial host to produce a recombinant protein which has advantages such as fast growth, low production cost, and high expression rate. Apart from its advantages, E. coli as a production host also has disadvantages including the expression of recombinant proteins often failing to form the proper folding conformation which makes the protein biologically inactive. Many strategies can be developed to overcome these problems, such as the selection of the host strain (E. coli HB101 & JM109), fusion protein to enhance the recovery of soluble protein (MBP & NusA), optimization of fermentation (low-temperature incubation), and optimization of the protein isolation process for the recovery of active PGA (Freeze-thawing method).