害虫对贝宁南部和中部番茄生产的经济影响:虫害:Helicoverpa armigera、Tuta absoluta、Tetranychus evansi 和根结线虫的情况

Emile Nounagnon HOUNGBO, Jérôme Hounwanou AGONGNON, Rachidatou SIKIROU, Jacob Afouda YABI, Brice Augustin SINSIN
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摘要

番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)是贝宁种植和消费最多的水果蔬菜,但寄生虫的侵袭降低了番茄的产量。本研究评估了 Helicoverpa armigera、Tuta absoluta、Tetranychus evansi 和根结线虫的经济影响。2020 年 8 月 24 日至 29 日和 2020 年 9 月 7 日至 12 日,在贝宁南部和中部的十八(18)个区举行了一百四十四(144)次焦点小组会议,并对 60 位农民进行了个别访谈。结果表明,种植者认识到影响番茄种植的各种害虫,特别是果实、叶片、茎和根系上的症状。对于严重(78.3%)和中度(38%)的虫害,Helicoverpa armigera 的总产量减少率最高。在 1.2 米 x 13 米(即 15.6 平方米)的木板上,每块收获 133.62 千克,损失分别为 104.62 千克和 50.75 千克,相当于严重和中度侵害的平均经济损失分别为 37,052.92 非洲金融共同体法郎和 17,973.96 非洲金融共同体法郎。Helicoverpa armigera 是番茄的主要害虫,控制技术的开发似乎与之更为相关。
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Economic impact of pests on tomato production in southern and central Benin: The cases of Helicoverpa armigera, Tuta absoluta, Tetranychus evansi, and root-knot nematodes
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill), the most cultivated and consumed fruit vegetable in Benin, is subjected to parasitic attacks reducing its productivity. This study assesses the economic impacts of Helicoverpa armigera, Tuta absoluta, Tetranychus evansi and root-knot nematodes. One hundred and forty-four (144) focus group sessions, supported by individual interviews with 60 farmers were conducted from August 24 to 29, 2020, and from September 7 to 12, 2020 in eighteen (18) Districts in southern and central Benin. The results indicated that growers recognize different pests affecting tomato farming, especially by symptoms on it fruit, leaves, stem and root system. Helicoverpa armigera has the highest gross output reduction rate for both severe (78.3%) and moderate (38%) attacks. This reduction corresponds to losses of 104.62 kg and 50.75 kg on a harvest of 133.62 kg per plank of 1.2m x 13m (i.e. 15.6 m²), equivalent to average economic impacts of 37,052.92 F CFA and 17,973.96 F CFA respectively for severe and moderate attacks. Helicoverpa armigera is the main pest of tomato against which the development of control technologies appears more relevant.
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