Ipilimumab Induced Tracheobronchitis – An Under-Recognized Manifestation of Immune-Related Adverse Events

Purpose: to visualize complication of antineoplastic /immunotherapy treatment. Immunotherapy treatment can affect all organs and types of tissues, with manifestations that may appear acute or after prolonged treatment. Recognizing the side effects it is important, it may have a big impact in the treatment itself but also save the patient’s life, certain conditions can be life threatening (for example, pneumonitis). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are widely used for the treatment of malignant neoplasms. Interstitial lung disease is a well-known immune-related adverse event, however, ICI-induced airway disease remains under-recognized [1].