学习行为

Orvar Löfgren, Billy Ehn
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摘要

本特刊关注学术界的日常生活。在讨论范式转变、大学管理、研究政策和其他 "大 "问题的同时,本特刊的论文还探讨了一个较少被分析的领域:学术生活中的常规和微观礼仪,它们要求你学会一种特殊的触觉或学术技能。这可以是关于人们如何学会组织论文、如何上网、如何在硬盘上整理资料或在办公室维持某种秩序。你如何学会参与研讨会讨论、处理学术闲谈的礼仪或接受批评?还有许多与不断变化的媒体和工具互动的技能。什么时候铅笔比笔记本电脑更受欢迎,如何在讲座中使用视觉材料?随着时间的推移,许多这样的方法慢慢变得无影无踪,不再被视为学者们随身携带的理论和方法包袱的一部分。不同世代的学者获得日常工作常规的方式往往被视为非常个人化--"我的行事风格"--但正如各篇论文所展示的那样,这其中蕴含着微妙的文化学习过程。许多学术技能、常规和规则从未出现在研究手册或学习目标声明中。这些都是后天习得的知识,更多的是停留在身体而不是大脑中,是条件反射而不是有意识的行为。它们往往被视为个人习惯,或被视为理所当然,而没有被提出问题,这也意味着它们可能隐含着权力和权威。
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Akademiska handlag
This special issue looks at everyday life in Academia. While paradigm shifts, university management, research policies and other “big” issues often are discussed, the papers here explore a less analyzed field: the routines and micro-rituals of scholarly life that demand that you learn a special touch or academic savoir-faire. It can be about how people learn to structure a paper, to surf the internet, or how to organize material on the hard disk or maintain some kind of order in the office. How do you learn to participate in a seminar discussion, handle the rituals of academic gossiping or take critique? There are also the many skills of interacting with changing media and tools. When is the pencil preferred to the laptop and how do you use visual material in lectures? Many such methods have slowly become invisible over time, and are no longer seen as parts of the theoretical and methodological baggage scholars carry with them. The ways different generations of scholars acquire everyday working routines are often experienced as very personal – “my style of doing things” – but there are subtle cultural processes of learning involved here as the various papers demonstrate. So many academic skills, routines and rules are never found in research handbooks or statements of learning goals. It is acquired knowledge, resting more in the body than in the brain, working as reflexes rather than conscious actions. The fact that they are often seen as personal habits, or are just taken for granted and not problematized, also means that they may carry hidden charges of power and authority.
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