盆栽条件下花椰菜替代性叶斑病的综合防治

Mummineni Sunitha, P. K. Jha
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摘要

花椰菜在世界各地广泛种植。由黄花疫霉菌(Alternaria brassicae)引起的黄花菜疫霉菌叶斑病是凝乳期和结籽期最具破坏性的病害,可造成 30-50%的损失,严重时可造成 98%的种子作物损失。在本次调查中,我们发现黄铜病病原体 Alternaria brassicae 会产生典型的病害症状,表现为不规则的褐色小斑点,斑点上有同心环,周围有黄色萎黄晕。 后来,病斑逐渐聚合,形成不规则的褐色至深褐色斑块,并带有同心环。这种病很难单独使用杀菌剂、生物制剂或植物药进行防治。因此,本研究旨在通过施用杀菌剂、生物制剂、植物药及其组合来有效防治该病。在对病盆条件下的综合管理进行调查期间,发现毒死蜱+印楝素+唑啉菌酯(10.81% 百病指数)的组合最有效,病害抑制率达 79.02%,其次是毒死蜱+印楝素+唑啉菌酯(10.81% 百病指数)。其次是 T. viride + Azoxystrobin(病害指数百分比为 11.63%),病害抑制率为 77.40%,而对照的病害指数百分比为 51.52%。
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Integrated Management of Alternaria Leaf Spot of Cauliflower under Pot Conditions
Cauliflower is widely grown throughout the world. Alternaria leaf spot of Cauliflower caused by Alternaria brassicae is the most destructive disease at the curd stage and seed setting stage, attributed to causing 30-50% losses and in severe cases reaching up to 98% in seed crop. In the present investigation, the pathogen Alternaria brassicae was found to produce typical symptoms of the disease as small, irregular brown spots with concentric rings, also surrounded by a yellow chlorotic halo.  Later on, lesions were found to coalesce forming irregular, brown to dark brown patches with concentric rings. The disease is difficult to manage alone with fungicides or bio agents or botanicals. Hence the present study was undertaken to manage the disease effectively by application of fungicides, bio agents, botanicals and their combinations. During the investigation on integrated management under sick pot conditions, the combination of T. viride + Neem + Azoxystrobin (10.81% Percent Disease Index) was found most effective with inhibition of disease by 79.02%. This was followed by T. viride + Azoxystrobin (11.63% Percent Disease Index) with inhibition of the disease by 77.40% compared to the control 51.52% Percent Disease Index. 
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