重新定义涌现:为批判现实主义中的语境涌现提供依据

IF 1.4 3区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI:10.1111/jtsb.12414
Cristián Navarrete, Tom Fryer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

涌现是批判现实主义的核心,但在这一传统中,很少有人试图对这一概念进行系统的阐述。戴夫-埃尔德-瓦斯(Dave Elder-Vass)和托尼-劳森(Tony Lawson)的研究是两个明显的例外。然而,这两人在回应还原论主张和解释向下因果关系方面都面临问题。本文提出语境涌现作为一个强有力的替代方案,以克服这些问题,并为批判现实主义的分层世界观提供更好的理由。语境涌现解释说,虽然较低 "层次 "的属性提供了必要条件,但要获得涌现,还必须有较高 "层次 "的偶然条件。这种方法保留了批判现实主义关于涌现的许多直觉,为本体论分层和向下因果关系提供了有力的解释。
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Redefining emergence: Making the case for contextual emergence in critical realism

Emergence is central to critical realism, but there has been little attempt to develop a systematic account of this concept within the tradition. Two notable exceptions are seen in the work of Dave Elder-Vass and Tony Lawson. However, both face problems in responding to reductionist claims and accounting for downward causation. This paper proposes contextual emergence as a robust alternative that overcomes these issues and provides a better justification for critical realism's stratified worldview. Contextual emergence explains that while properties at a lower ‘level’ offer necessary conditions, for emergence to obtain, there must also be contingent conditions at a higher ‘level’. This approach maintains many of critical realism's intuitions about emergence, providing a robust account of ontological stratification and downward causation.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
14.30%
发文量
36
期刊介绍: The Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour publishes original theoretical and methodological articles that examine the links between social structures and human agency embedded in behavioural practices. The Journal is truly unique in focusing first and foremost on social behaviour, over and above any disciplinary or local framing of such behaviour. In so doing, it embraces a range of theoretical orientations and, by requiring authors to write for a wide audience, the Journal is distinctively interdisciplinary and accessible to readers world-wide in the fields of psychology, sociology and philosophy.
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