探究阴囊线粒体瘤,揭开罕见肿瘤的神秘面纱:病例报告

Sana Sana Ahuja, Pooja Verma, Adil Aziz Khan, S. Zaheer
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摘要

来源于平滑肌细胞的子宫肌瘤在子宫中很常见,但在阴囊中却很少见,这给临床带来了挑战。阴囊平滑肌瘤最早于 19 世纪被描述,其特征是来自皮下达托氏肌的良性病变。我们介绍了两例患有阴囊良性肌瘤的中年男性病例,详细介绍了临床表现、组织病理学发现和免疫组化结果。第一例患者 48 岁,阴囊有无痛性肿块,切除后可见环状平滑肌束。免疫组化证实波形蛋白(vimentin)、去甲肾上腺素(desmin)和平滑肌肌动蛋白(SMA)阳性,与阴囊良性肌瘤一致。第二例患者 25 岁,阴囊无痛性肿胀,组织学检查符合阴囊良性肌瘤的特征。准确诊断对于指导适当的治疗策略至关重要。临床医生通常会综合运用临床评估、影像学检查和组织病理学检查来确诊阴囊良性肌瘤的存在。超声仍是评估肿瘤大小、位置和血管情况的重要工具,有助于鉴别诊断。不过,明确诊断需要依靠组织学检查,组织学检查通常会发现交错排列的纺锤形平滑肌细胞。
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Exploring Scrotal Leiomyomas, Unraveling the Mysteries of a Rare Tumor: A Case Report
Leiomyomas, originating from smooth muscle cells, are common in the uterus but rare in the scrotum, presenting a clinical challenge. Scrotal leiomyomas, first described in the 19th century, are characterized by benign pathology from the subcutaneous dartos muscle. We present two cases of middle-aged males with scrotal leiomyomas, detailing clinical presentations, histopathological findings, and immunohistochemistry results. The first involved a 48-year-old with a painless scrotal lump, excised to reveal well-circumscribed smooth muscle bundles. Immunohistochemistry confirmed vimentin, desmin, and smooth muscle actin (SMA) positivity, consistent with scrotal leiomyoma. The second case featured a 25-year-old with a painless scrotal swelling, histologically matching the features of scrotal leiomyoma. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for guiding appropriate management strategies. Clinicians often employ a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and histopathological examination to confirm the presence of scrotal leiomyomas. Ultrasound remains a valuable tool for assessing the size, location, and vascularity of the tumor, aiding in the formulation of a differential diagnosis. Definitive diagnosis, however, relies on histological examination, which typically reveals spindle-shaped smooth muscle cells arranged in interlacing bundles.
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