Dilibe Ekowa, Austin J. Marrah, Justin D. Murray, M. Wakefield, Yujiang Fang
Priapism is a disorder defined as a persistent erection maintained without an appropriate sexual stimulus lasting for longer than 4 hours. Priapism is generally classified into two categories, ischemic and non-ischemic. Ischemic priapism is considered a true urological emergency as prolongation of this subtype is often associated with loss of sinusoidal endothelial function, corporal fibrosis, and necrosis. Non-ischemic priapism is a type of priapism often caused by the formation of arteriovenous fistulas that create dysregulation of cavernosa blood flow. One less common cause of priapism includes malignancy. Malignancy, either primary or secondary, is considered a rare cause of priapism. During our review of malignant priapism, several etiologies have been identified as potential causes of malignant priapism. Pathologies such as chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes have been implicated in the development of priapism, most likely due to hyperleukocytosis. Metastasis from distal or regional tumors such as the lung, bladder, prostate have been shown to produce secondary tumors that can initiate the development of priapism. Thus, it is important to consider malignancy as a possible cause of a patients priapism. The clinical presentation and prognosis between patients vary greatly and modern treatment modalities have been shown to differ greatly in its efficacy. A comprehensive study that addresses the different forms of malignant priapism may benefit healthcare professionals by providing a better understanding of the complexities, etiologies, and early interventions that can be used for their patients.
{"title":"Clinical Features and Significance of Malignant Priapism","authors":"Dilibe Ekowa, Austin J. Marrah, Justin D. Murray, M. Wakefield, Yujiang Fang","doi":"10.32948/auo.2024.07.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32948/auo.2024.07.15","url":null,"abstract":"Priapism is a disorder defined as a persistent erection maintained without an appropriate sexual stimulus lasting for longer than 4 hours. Priapism is generally classified into two categories, ischemic and non-ischemic. Ischemic priapism is considered a true urological emergency as prolongation of this subtype is often associated with loss of sinusoidal endothelial function, corporal fibrosis, and necrosis. Non-ischemic priapism is a type of priapism often caused by the formation of arteriovenous fistulas that create dysregulation of cavernosa blood flow. One less common cause of priapism includes malignancy. Malignancy, either primary or secondary, is considered a rare cause of priapism. During our review of malignant priapism, several etiologies have been identified as potential causes of malignant priapism. Pathologies such as chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes have been implicated in the development of priapism, most likely due to hyperleukocytosis. Metastasis from distal or regional tumors such as the lung, bladder, prostate have been shown to produce secondary tumors that can initiate the development of priapism. Thus, it is important to consider malignancy as a possible cause of a patients priapism. The clinical presentation and prognosis between patients vary greatly and modern treatment modalities have been shown to differ greatly in its efficacy. A comprehensive study that addresses the different forms of malignant priapism may benefit healthcare professionals by providing a better understanding of the complexities, etiologies, and early interventions that can be used for their patients.","PeriodicalId":33190,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Urologic Oncology","volume":" 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141827308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hang Xu, Yingshuang Tang, Xiaorui Zhang, Xian Zhang, Along Kang
The complex association between obesity and prostate cancer necessitates exploring how obesity impacts the incidence, progression, treatment response, and prognosis of prostate cancer. An analysis was conducted to determine the potential adverse effects of obesity on prostate cancer treatment, including changes in drug metabolism and surgical complications. It also discusses how obesity increases the risk of disease progression and recurrence. Further emphasis was provided to the importance of comprehensive interventions to reduce the risk of prostate cancer through lifestyle modifications (including healthy diet, moderate exercise, and maintaining normal weight), pharmacological treatments (such as potential drugs targeting obesity and prostate cancer-related mechanisms), and regular check-ups and screenings. Lastly, the work envisions future research directions, including exploring the specific mechanisms linking obesity and prostate cancer, designing more scientific clinical trials, and enhancing interdisciplinary cooperation. These opportunities and challenges aim to provide references and insights for future research and development.
{"title":"Research Progress on the Association between Obesity and Prostate Cancer","authors":"Hang Xu, Yingshuang Tang, Xiaorui Zhang, Xian Zhang, Along Kang","doi":"10.32948/auo.2024.07.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32948/auo.2024.07.17","url":null,"abstract":"The complex association between obesity and prostate cancer necessitates exploring how obesity impacts the incidence, progression, treatment response, and prognosis of prostate cancer. An analysis was conducted to determine the potential adverse effects of obesity on prostate cancer treatment, including changes in drug metabolism and surgical complications. It also discusses how obesity increases the risk of disease progression and recurrence. Further emphasis was provided to the importance of comprehensive interventions to reduce the risk of prostate cancer through lifestyle modifications (including healthy diet, moderate exercise, and maintaining normal weight), pharmacological treatments (such as potential drugs targeting obesity and prostate cancer-related mechanisms), and regular check-ups and screenings. Lastly, the work envisions future research directions, including exploring the specific mechanisms linking obesity and prostate cancer, designing more scientific clinical trials, and enhancing interdisciplinary cooperation. These opportunities and challenges aim to provide references and insights for future research and development.","PeriodicalId":33190,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Urologic Oncology","volume":"197 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141834359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peter Mantle, Rohit Upadhyay, Diana Herman, Vecihi Batuman
There seems yet no satisfactory explanation for the mysterious endemic renal disease, known as Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), seen across rural parts of several Balkan countries in the last century although some have claimed aristolochic acid as the etiologic agent. Nearly half of the BEN patients develop urothelial cancers and unilateral nephrectomy may be temporary life-extending measure for some cases. Recent access to some tissues of archived Serbian unilateral nephrectomy specimens during the past century enabled description of unique tumour immuno-profiles. We also evaluated the role of apoptosis using a modern TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay. We found clear evidence of apoptosis in regions of several tumour specimens and adjacent healthy kidney tissues. These observations suggest a prominent role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of BEN and the associated urothelial cancers and point to the need for systematic evaluation of apoptosis in other archived tissues from BEN patients. Here, we also present evidence of apoptosis in kidney sections of male rats treated with ochratoxin A. These observations suggest a prominent role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of BEN and the associated urothelial cancers and point to the need for systematic evaluation of apoptosis in other archived tissues from BEN patients. Here, we also present evidence of apoptosis in kidney sections of male rats treated with ochratoxin A. Fungal metabolites such as ochratoxin A and alkaloids from the Aristolochia plants are nephrotoxic in both animals and humans, and experimental animal models could be helpful in understanding the pathophysiology of kidney disease and tumorigenesis in humans exposed to such agents.
上个世纪，巴尔干半岛几个国家的农村地区出现了一种神秘的地方性肾病--巴尔干地方性肾病（BEN），尽管有人声称马兜铃酸是病原体，但似乎还没有令人满意的解释。近一半的 BEN 患者会罹患尿路癌，对某些病例来说，单侧肾切除术可能是暂时性的延长生命的措施。最近，我们获得了上个世纪存档的塞尔维亚单侧肾切除标本的一些组织，从而描述了独特的肿瘤免疫特征。我们还使用现代 TdT 介导的 dUTP 镍末端标记（TUNEL）检测法评估了细胞凋亡的作用。我们在几个肿瘤标本和邻近的健康肾脏组织中发现了明显的凋亡证据。这些观察结果表明，细胞凋亡在 BEN 和相关尿路癌的发病机制中起着重要作用，并表明有必要对 BEN 患者其他存档组织中的细胞凋亡进行系统评估。这些观察结果表明，细胞凋亡在 BEN 和相关尿道癌的发病机制中起着重要作用，并表明有必要对 BEN 患者的其他存档组织中的细胞凋亡进行系统评估。赭曲霉毒素 A 和马兜铃属植物中的生物碱等真菌代谢产物对动物和人类的肾脏都具有毒性，实验动物模型有助于了解接触此类物质的人类肾脏疾病和肿瘤发生的病理生理学。
{"title":"Exploration of Apoptosis in Histopathologies of Balkan Endemic Nephropathies with Both Urothelial Tumour and Atrophied Kidney","authors":"Peter Mantle, Rohit Upadhyay, Diana Herman, Vecihi Batuman","doi":"10.32948/auo.2024.06.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32948/auo.2024.06.25","url":null,"abstract":"There seems yet no satisfactory explanation for the mysterious endemic renal disease, known as Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), seen across rural parts of several Balkan countries in the last century although some have claimed aristolochic acid as the etiologic agent. Nearly half of the BEN patients develop urothelial cancers and unilateral nephrectomy may be temporary life-extending measure for some cases. Recent access to some tissues of archived Serbian unilateral nephrectomy specimens during the past century enabled description of unique tumour immuno-profiles. We also evaluated the role of apoptosis using a modern TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay. We found clear evidence of apoptosis in regions of several tumour specimens and adjacent healthy kidney tissues. These observations suggest a prominent role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of BEN and the associated urothelial cancers and point to the need for systematic evaluation of apoptosis in other archived tissues from BEN patients. Here, we also present evidence of apoptosis in kidney sections of male rats treated with ochratoxin A. These observations suggest a prominent role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of BEN and the associated urothelial cancers and point to the need for systematic evaluation of apoptosis in other archived tissues from BEN patients. Here, we also present evidence of apoptosis in kidney sections of male rats treated with ochratoxin A. Fungal metabolites such as ochratoxin A and alkaloids from the Aristolochia plants are nephrotoxic in both animals and humans, and experimental animal models could be helpful in understanding the pathophysiology of kidney disease and tumorigenesis in humans exposed to such agents.","PeriodicalId":33190,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Urologic Oncology","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-09DOI: 10.32948/ajsep.2024.05.20
Abdul Ghaffar, Ghulam Mustafa, Abdul Wahid
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern with a significant prevalence. One major complication of CKD is mineral and bone disorder (MBD), characterized by abnormalities in calcium, phosphate, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, leading to bone mineral density loss and increased fracture risk. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in CKD patients due to impaired kidney function and reduced sun exposure. This deficiency further contributes to CKD-MBD pathogenesis. This review explores the complex interplay between Vitamin D, CKD, and MBD. We examine how CKD disrupts Vitamin D metabolism, leading to deficiency and its consequences for bone health and mineral homeostasis. We critically evaluate the current evidence on Vitamin D supplementation in CKD, focusing on its impact on bone mineral density (BMD), fracture risk, calcium, phosphate, and PTH levels. We discuss the limitations of existing research and highlight the need for further studies to establish definitive recommendations for Vitamin D management in CKD-MBD treatment strategies.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一个全球关注的健康问题，发病率很高。慢性肾脏病的一个主要并发症是矿物质和骨质紊乱（MBD），其特点是钙、磷酸盐和甲状旁腺激素（PTH）水平异常，导致骨质密度下降和骨折风险增加。由于肾功能受损和日晒减少，维生素 D 缺乏症在慢性肾功能衰竭患者中非常普遍。这种缺乏进一步导致了 CKD-MBD 的发病机制。本综述探讨了维生素 D、慢性肾功能衰竭和 MBD 之间复杂的相互作用。我们研究了 CKD 如何破坏维生素 D 代谢，导致维生素 D 缺乏及其对骨骼健康和矿物质平衡的影响。我们对 CKD 补充维生素 D 的现有证据进行了批判性评估，重点关注其对骨矿物质密度 (BMD)、骨折风险、钙、磷酸盐和 PTH 水平的影响。我们讨论了现有研究的局限性，并强调了进一步研究的必要性，以便为 CKD-MBD 治疗策略中的维生素 D 管理提出明确建议。
{"title":"The relationship between vitamin D, chronic kidney disease, and mineral and bone disorder: a complex interplay comprehensive review","authors":"Abdul Ghaffar, Ghulam Mustafa, Abdul Wahid","doi":"10.32948/ajsep.2024.05.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32948/ajsep.2024.05.20","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern with a significant prevalence. One major complication of CKD is mineral and bone disorder (MBD), characterized by abnormalities in calcium, phosphate, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, leading to bone mineral density loss and increased fracture risk. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in CKD patients due to impaired kidney function and reduced sun exposure. This deficiency further contributes to CKD-MBD pathogenesis. This review explores the complex interplay between Vitamin D, CKD, and MBD. We examine how CKD disrupts Vitamin D metabolism, leading to deficiency and its consequences for bone health and mineral homeostasis. We critically evaluate the current evidence on Vitamin D supplementation in CKD, focusing on its impact on bone mineral density (BMD), fracture risk, calcium, phosphate, and PTH levels. We discuss the limitations of existing research and highlight the need for further studies to establish definitive recommendations for Vitamin D management in CKD-MBD treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":33190,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Urologic Oncology","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141366705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC), though often asymptomatic in its early stages, presents unique diagnostic challenges. This case report describes the serendipitous discovery of a 1cm PRCC nodule initially missed on radiological investigations. Through meticulous pathological evaluation, PRCC was identified, underscoring the crucial interplay between urological and pathological perspectives. Therapeutic decisions, guided by tumor characteristics and clinical considerations, highlighted the necessity for comprehensive multidisciplinary collaboration. This case emphasizes the importance of thorough evaluation and interdisciplinary cooperation in optimizing diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic strategies in renal pathology.
{"title":"Incidental Detection of Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma in Nephrectomy Specimen for Chronic Pyelonephritis","authors":"S. Ahuja, A. Khan, S. Zaheer","doi":"10.32948/auo.2024.06.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32948/auo.2024.06.01","url":null,"abstract":"Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC), though often asymptomatic in its early stages, presents unique diagnostic challenges. This case report describes the serendipitous discovery of a 1cm PRCC nodule initially missed on radiological investigations. Through meticulous pathological evaluation, PRCC was identified, underscoring the crucial interplay between urological and pathological perspectives. Therapeutic decisions, guided by tumor characteristics and clinical considerations, highlighted the necessity for comprehensive multidisciplinary collaboration. This case emphasizes the importance of thorough evaluation and interdisciplinary cooperation in optimizing diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic strategies in renal pathology.","PeriodicalId":33190,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Urologic Oncology","volume":" 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141368009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urologic cancers, with bladder cancer as a pivotal subtype, pose substantial challenges to global health, necessitating a profound understanding of their molecular underpinnings. This article explores recent genomic research, with a focus on transitional cell carcinoma, the primary histological form of transitional cell carcinoma, aiming to elucidate the intricate molecular processes that underlie the onset and advancement of disease. Leveraging advanced genomic and transcriptomic analyses such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) and molecular subtyping techniques, this review delves into the diverse genetic and molecular subtypes inherent in bladder cancer. It emphasizes the critical role of molecular subtyping in guiding treatment decisions and refining patient stratification for precision medicine approaches. Furthermore, the review examines emerging diagnostic biomarkers such as methylation markers and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites, highlighting their potential in enabling early detection and targeted therapies. Their integration promises to enhance diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic monitoring in bladder cancer patients. Collaboration among multidisciplinary teams comprising clinicians, researchers, and bioinformaticians is paramount for unraveling the molecular complexities of urologic cancers and advancing personalized cancer care. This thorough review seeks to offer a detailed examination of the existing understanding on urologic oncology, offering valuable insights into the molecular intricacies of urothelial carcinoma and while also laying the groundwork for future research directions aimed at optimizing patient outcomes globally.
{"title":"Advancing Genomics in Urologic Tumors: Navigating Precision Therapeutic Pathways","authors":"Fawad Inayat, Imad Tariq, Nabiha Bashir, Fawad Ullah, Hadiqa Aimen","doi":"10.32948/auo.2024.05.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32948/auo.2024.05.18","url":null,"abstract":"Urologic cancers, with bladder cancer as a pivotal subtype, pose substantial challenges to global health, necessitating a profound understanding of their molecular underpinnings. This article explores recent genomic research, with a focus on transitional cell carcinoma, the primary histological form of transitional cell carcinoma, aiming to elucidate the intricate molecular processes that underlie the onset and advancement of disease. Leveraging advanced genomic and transcriptomic analyses such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) and molecular subtyping techniques, this review delves into the diverse genetic and molecular subtypes inherent in bladder cancer. It emphasizes the critical role of molecular subtyping in guiding treatment decisions and refining patient stratification for precision medicine approaches. Furthermore, the review examines emerging diagnostic biomarkers such as methylation markers and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites, highlighting their potential in enabling early detection and targeted therapies. Their integration promises to enhance diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic monitoring in bladder cancer patients. Collaboration among multidisciplinary teams comprising clinicians, researchers, and bioinformaticians is paramount for unraveling the molecular complexities of urologic cancers and advancing personalized cancer care. This thorough review seeks to offer a detailed examination of the existing understanding on urologic oncology, offering valuable insights into the molecular intricacies of urothelial carcinoma and while also laying the groundwork for future research directions aimed at optimizing patient outcomes globally.","PeriodicalId":33190,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Urologic Oncology","volume":"65 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141114187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prostate cancer is a particularly slow growing cancer, the early stage of the disease is not easy to detect, the some major clinical manifestations include low back pain, urgent and frequent urination, urinary pain, and other urethral symptoms. These symptoms are often experienced after surgical resection or drug castration treatment. Early-stage, prostate cancer is curable, and with disease progression many clinical symptoms become worse with high probability of metastasis. Bone is the most common site of advanced metastasis of prostate cancer. Bone metastasis is a continuous and complex pathological process regulated by tumor cells and bone microenvironment, in which epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, homing and dormancy, reactivation, and proliferation of tumor cells are closely related to its occurrence and development. Several cytokines such as Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANK-L) is overexpressed in bone microenvironment and prostate cancer. RANKL, chemokine family, and integrins are involved in bone metastasis of prostate cancer through complex interaction mechanisms. A variety of bone-targeting drugs such as bisphosphonates, RANKL inhibitors (denosumab) and radiotherapy drugs (radium-223, strontium-89, samarium-153), tyrosine kinase inhibitors, integrin-targeted drugs, etc. are approved for the prevention and treatment of skeletal related events caused by bone metastasis in prostate cancer patients. In this review, the biological mechanism of bone metastasis in prostate cancer and the research progress of bone-targeting drugs are reviewed.
{"title":"Research Progression in the Mechanism of Bone Metastasis and Bone-Targeted Drugs in Prostate Cancer","authors":"Sajjad Ahmad","doi":"10.32948/auo.2024.02.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32948/auo.2024.02.20","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer is a particularly slow growing cancer, the early stage of the disease is not easy to detect, the some major clinical manifestations include low back pain, urgent and frequent urination, urinary pain, and other urethral symptoms. These symptoms are often experienced after surgical resection or drug castration treatment. Early-stage, prostate cancer is curable, and with disease progression many clinical symptoms become worse with high probability of metastasis. Bone is the most common site of advanced metastasis of prostate cancer. Bone metastasis is a continuous and complex pathological process regulated by tumor cells and bone microenvironment, in which epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, homing and dormancy, reactivation, and proliferation of tumor cells are closely related to its occurrence and development. Several cytokines such as Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANK-L) is overexpressed in bone microenvironment and prostate cancer. RANKL, chemokine family, and integrins are involved in bone metastasis of prostate cancer through complex interaction mechanisms. A variety of bone-targeting drugs such as bisphosphonates, RANKL inhibitors (denosumab) and radiotherapy drugs (radium-223, strontium-89, samarium-153), tyrosine kinase inhibitors, integrin-targeted drugs, etc. are approved for the prevention and treatment of skeletal related events caused by bone metastasis in prostate cancer patients. In this review, the biological mechanism of bone metastasis in prostate cancer and the research progress of bone-targeting drugs are reviewed.","PeriodicalId":33190,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Urologic Oncology","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140433962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Sun, Junxiong Peng, Sen Pan, Chuanlin Wang, Mengjuan Yuan
Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of urinary system. Due to the rise of China's aging population, there is an increased pressure on the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer continues to increase. Unfortunately, the mechanism(s) of malignant progression of bladder cancer is still unclear, and the current treatment modality for patients with advanced bladder cancer are very limited and the benefits are not obvious. It is urgent to explore the mechanisms of cancer progression, so as to delay, block or even reverse its course more effectively. Autophagy and reprogramming of glucose metabolism play a very important regulatory role in the malignant development of bladder cancer such as proliferation, drug resistance, invasion and metastasis, and autophagy has been found in other solid tumors to regulate glucose metabolism and influence the malignant progression of tumors. This article highlights the regulation of autophagy and glucose metabolism reprogramming in the development of bladder cancer.
{"title":"Regulatory Role of Autophagy and Glucose Metabolic Reprogramming in the Malignant Progression of Bladder Cancer: A Review","authors":"Wei Sun, Junxiong Peng, Sen Pan, Chuanlin Wang, Mengjuan Yuan","doi":"10.32948/auo.2024.02.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32948/auo.2024.02.10","url":null,"abstract":"Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of urinary system. Due to the rise of China's aging population, there is an increased pressure on the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer continues to increase. Unfortunately, the mechanism(s) of malignant progression of bladder cancer is still unclear, and the current treatment modality for patients with advanced bladder cancer are very limited and the benefits are not obvious. It is urgent to explore the mechanisms of cancer progression, so as to delay, block or even reverse its course more effectively. Autophagy and reprogramming of glucose metabolism play a very important regulatory role in the malignant development of bladder cancer such as proliferation, drug resistance, invasion and metastasis, and autophagy has been found in other solid tumors to regulate glucose metabolism and influence the malignant progression of tumors. This article highlights the regulation of autophagy and glucose metabolism reprogramming in the development of bladder cancer.","PeriodicalId":33190,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Urologic Oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139776448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Sun, Junxiong Peng, Sen Pan, Chuanlin Wang, Mengjuan Yuan
Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of urinary system. Due to the rise of China's aging population, there is an increased pressure on the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer continues to increase. Unfortunately, the mechanism(s) of malignant progression of bladder cancer is still unclear, and the current treatment modality for patients with advanced bladder cancer are very limited and the benefits are not obvious. It is urgent to explore the mechanisms of cancer progression, so as to delay, block or even reverse its course more effectively. Autophagy and reprogramming of glucose metabolism play a very important regulatory role in the malignant development of bladder cancer such as proliferation, drug resistance, invasion and metastasis, and autophagy has been found in other solid tumors to regulate glucose metabolism and influence the malignant progression of tumors. This article highlights the regulation of autophagy and glucose metabolism reprogramming in the development of bladder cancer.
{"title":"Regulatory Role of Autophagy and Glucose Metabolic Reprogramming in the Malignant Progression of Bladder Cancer: A Review","authors":"Wei Sun, Junxiong Peng, Sen Pan, Chuanlin Wang, Mengjuan Yuan","doi":"10.32948/auo.2024.02.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32948/auo.2024.02.10","url":null,"abstract":"Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of urinary system. Due to the rise of China's aging population, there is an increased pressure on the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer continues to increase. Unfortunately, the mechanism(s) of malignant progression of bladder cancer is still unclear, and the current treatment modality for patients with advanced bladder cancer are very limited and the benefits are not obvious. It is urgent to explore the mechanisms of cancer progression, so as to delay, block or even reverse its course more effectively. Autophagy and reprogramming of glucose metabolism play a very important regulatory role in the malignant development of bladder cancer such as proliferation, drug resistance, invasion and metastasis, and autophagy has been found in other solid tumors to regulate glucose metabolism and influence the malignant progression of tumors. This article highlights the regulation of autophagy and glucose metabolism reprogramming in the development of bladder cancer.","PeriodicalId":33190,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Urologic Oncology","volume":"183 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139835989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bladder cancer is the tenth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and poses a great threat to human health. It has a high recurrence rate and requires long-term close monitoring and follow-up after surgery. At present, the most reliable method for the clinical diagnosis of bladder cancer is still cystoscopy and urine exfoliative cytology. However, cystoscopy is an invasive examination, which is often accompanied by complications such as infection, bleeding, pain and discomfort, and is cost ineffective. At the same time, the sensitivity of urine cytology for low-grade tumors is low, and the subjective factors of the examiners have a great impact on the test results. Urinary biomarkers have the advantages of non-invasive, safe, and simple detection, possessing clinical diagnostic value. At present, it has been found that many urine markers show higher sensitivity than urine exfoliative cytology in the detection of bladder cancer, but due to their poor specificity, they are not widely used in clinical practice. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find novel noninvasive and reliable method for the diagnosis of bladder cancer with high specificity and sensitivity. This article reviews the recent research progress of some new urine biomarkers in the diagnosis of bladder cancer.
{"title":"Research Progress of New Urine Markers in the Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer","authors":"Rose Lamichhane","doi":"10.32948/auo.2024.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32948/auo.2024.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Bladder cancer is the tenth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and poses a great threat to human health. It has a high recurrence rate and requires long-term close monitoring and follow-up after surgery. At present, the most reliable method for the clinical diagnosis of bladder cancer is still cystoscopy and urine exfoliative cytology. However, cystoscopy is an invasive examination, which is often accompanied by complications such as infection, bleeding, pain and discomfort, and is cost ineffective. At the same time, the sensitivity of urine cytology for low-grade tumors is low, and the subjective factors of the examiners have a great impact on the test results. Urinary biomarkers have the advantages of non-invasive, safe, and simple detection, possessing clinical diagnostic value. At present, it has been found that many urine markers show higher sensitivity than urine exfoliative cytology in the detection of bladder cancer, but due to their poor specificity, they are not widely used in clinical practice. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find novel noninvasive and reliable method for the diagnosis of bladder cancer with high specificity and sensitivity. This article reviews the recent research progress of some new urine biomarkers in the diagnosis of bladder cancer.","PeriodicalId":33190,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Urologic Oncology","volume":"452 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139860090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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