有效改造非正规住区的缺失环节:拨款决定新基础设施的成果

IF 4.2 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Urban Studies Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI:10.1177/00420980241236077
George Kiambuthi Wainaina, Bernhard Truffer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

基础设施投资是贫民窟改造的核心要素,在改善全球 10 多亿贫民窟居民的生活方面发挥着作用。既定的规划方法通常能成功提供功能性基础设施,但有证据表明,它们对改善生活的贡献往往要么不存在,要么在一段时间后急剧下降。为了解释这种有限的有效性,本文认为基础设施交付与民生改善之间缺失的环节在于占用过程,即居民对基础设施的吸收和将其嵌入日常实践中。社会技术转型研究的最新见解有助于将占用概念化。作者以肯尼亚埃尔多雷特镇的 Munyaka 非正规住区为例,研究了新基础设施的吸收机制。研究结果表明,占用是一个社会过程,分为三个步骤:接收、驯化和制度化。这一过程的驱动力是根据当时的社会经济和时空条件,维持或调整居民的生活实践。本研究的结论是,"占有 "是一个重要的过程,规划者应努力加以预测。必须对普遍采用的参与方式进行相应修改。这对于改善贫民窟居民生活的规划工作至关重要。
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The missing link for effective informal settlement upgrading: Appropriation shaping the outcome of new infrastructure
Infrastructure investments, a core element of slum upgrading, play a role in improving the livelihoods of over 1 billion slum residents globally. Established planning practices often successfully deliver functional infrastructure but evidence shows that their contribution to improved livelihoods often either is absent or declines sharply after some time. To explain this limited effectiveness, this article identifies the missing link between infrastructure delivery and livelihood improvements as lying in the appropriation process, that is, the uptake and embedding of infrastructures into the daily practices of residents. Recent insights from sociotechnical transitions studies help to conceptualise appropriation. The authors use Munyaka informal settlement in Eldoret town, Kenya as a case to investigate the mechanisms of new infrastructure uptake. Findings indicate that appropriation is a social process that proceeds in three steps: reception, domestication and institutionalisation. This process is driven by the need to maintain or adjust residents’ livelihood practices relative to prevailing socioeconomic and spatiotemporal conditions. The study concludes that appropriation is a significant process that planners should try to anticipate. Prevalent approaches to participation have to be modified accordingly. This is essential for planning to improve livelihoods in slums.
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来源期刊
Urban Studies
Urban Studies Multiple-
CiteScore
10.50
自引率
8.50%
发文量
150
期刊介绍: Urban Studies was first published in 1964 to provide an international forum of social and economic contributions to the fields of urban and regional planning. Since then, the Journal has expanded to encompass the increasing range of disciplines and approaches that have been brought to bear on urban and regional problems. Contents include original articles, notes and comments, and a comprehensive book review section. Regular contributions are drawn from the fields of economics, planning, political science, statistics, geography, sociology, population studies and public administration.
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