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Devolution and economic growth in England’s City Regions 英格兰城市地区的权力下放与经济增长
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/00420980251408416
Nicholas Patrick Sweeney
Devolution is argued to reduce spatial inequalities by improving policymaking, tailoring policies and thus promoting (inclusive) economic growth. To assess this argument in the English context, I study the performance of the six regions that received increased powers via Mayoral Combined Authority status in 2017 under the Cities and Local Government Devolution Act (CLGDA) 2016. Using data spanning from 2011 to 2022 and a difference-in-differences approach with heterogeneous treatment effects, I analyse the influence of the first six years of devolution on economic growth. The findings show that devolved areas did not experience faster than expected growth. Moreover, within devolved areas, already wealthy districts consistently grew faster than poorer ones. In combination, these results paint a negative picture for the influence of the CLGDA 2016 as a tool for reducing between- or within-region economic inequalities, adding to a weight of literature questioning the efficacy of devolution in England.
权力下放被认为可以通过改善政策制定、调整政策从而促进(包容性)经济增长来减少空间不平等。为了在英国背景下评估这一论点,我研究了2017年根据2016年《城市和地方政府权力下放法案》(CLGDA)通过市长联合权威地位获得更多权力的六个地区的表现。使用2011年至2022年的数据和具有异质性处理效果的差异中之差方法,我分析了权力下放前六年对经济增长的影响。调查结果显示,被下放地区的增长速度并没有快于预期。此外,在权力下放的地区,已经富裕的地区一直比贫穷的地区发展得更快。综上所述,这些结果为CLGDA 2016作为减少区域间或区域内经济不平等的工具的影响描绘了一幅负面图景,增加了质疑英国权力下放效力的文献的权重。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison in motion: Anthropologies of connection and difference in urban research 运动中的比较:城市研究中的联系与差异人类学
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1177/00420980251405777
Rebekah Plueckhahn, Constance Smith
In recent years there has been renewed enthusiasm for comparison within urban studies: a call for comparison that does away with conventional units of analysis and is more experimental. Recent directions in studies of comparative urbanism have urged urban scholars to move on from the tightly controlled comparisons of (usually) Northern cities and to think instead with variation, creativity and alternative modes of citymaking. Drawing from recent analytical directions in anthropology as well as Édouard Glissant’s ‘rhizomatic thinking’, we aim to take up the call by AbdouMaliq Simone to think through what comparison does , where and how it happens, what it sets in motion and what this means for how we understand difference. What we propose in this commentary is twofold. Firstly, we attend to how acts of comparison, and lines of connection and difference, are embedded in all kinds of processes of living, knowing and transforming the urban. Here, comparative urban research is one comparative mode among many. Secondly, we advocate thinking through the possibilities of what comparative acts give rise to, whether assemblages, ethics, materialities, socialities or politics. In doing so, situations can be brought into conversation with each other and new scholarly, analytical connections can be drawn. In seeking to understand such divergent phenomena, whatever they may be, generative analyses can be made in urban research – conceptual, material and/or theoretical – that might otherwise remain out of sight.
近年来,在城市研究中又出现了对比较的新热情:这种比较摒弃了传统的分析单位,更具实验性。比较城市主义研究的最新方向促使城市学者从(通常)对北方城市的严格控制的比较中走出来,转而思考城市建设的变化、创造力和其他模式。借鉴最近人类学的分析方向以及Édouard Glissant的“根茎思维”,我们的目标是接受AbdouMaliq Simone的呼吁,思考比较的作用,它在哪里以及如何发生,它引发了什么,以及这对我们如何理解差异意味着什么。我们在这篇评注中提出的建议是双重的。首先,我们关注比较行为、联系和差异线如何嵌入到生活、认识和改造城市的各种过程中。在这里,比较城市研究是众多比较模式中的一种。其次,我们主张思考比较行为所产生的可能性,无论是集合、伦理、物质性、社会性还是政治性。在这样做的过程中,情景之间可以进行对话,并且可以建立新的学术分析联系。在设法理解这些不同的现象时,无论它们是什么,都可以在城市研究中进行产生性分析- -概念、材料和/或理论- -否则这些分析可能会消失在视线之外。
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引用次数: 0
Cripping desire lines: Disabled people, creative walking and the right to walk the city 瘸腿的愿望线:残疾人,创意行走和城市行走的权利
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1177/00420980251398376
Morag Rose, Dee Heddon, Clare Qualmann, Harry Wilson, Maggie O’Neill
This article discusses the impact of Covid-19 on disabled people’s experiences of walking in the UK, using survey and interview data from the project Walking Publics/Walking Arts: Walking, Wellbeing and Community During Covid-19 . Built environments are often encountered by disabled people as hostile and exclusionary. Our research identifies ways that this inequality was significantly magnified during the pandemic, including through overcrowded public spaces, increased street furniture and lack of facilities. Alongside attending to everyday walking experiences, we draw upon creative walking tactics and the work of walking artists, which enable imaginative encounters at multiple scales. These demonstrate how creativity can iterate alternative trajectories which embed accessible infrastructures and facilitate different ways of encountering, moving through and being in the city.
本文讨论了Covid-19对英国残疾人步行体验的影响,使用了步行公众/步行艺术:Covid-19期间的步行,健康和社区项目的调查和访谈数据。残疾人所遇到的人造环境往往充满敌意和排他性。我们的研究发现,在疫情期间,这种不平等现象显著加剧,包括公共空间过度拥挤、街道设施增加和设施缺乏。除了关注日常的步行体验,我们还借鉴了创造性的步行策略和步行艺术家的作品,从而在多个尺度上实现富有想象力的相遇。这些展示了创造力如何迭代嵌入无障碍基础设施的替代轨迹,并促进不同的相遇、移动和在城市中的方式。
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引用次数: 0
Real estate dynamics and ordinary urban fabric in Algiers: Tactical adaptation, anticipation and land transformations 阿尔及尔的房地产动态和普通城市结构:战术适应、预期和土地改造
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1177/00420980251405782
Allaeddine Fenchouch
While academic research on the mechanisms of production of the built environment has often focused on large-scale real estate projects in alliance with public authorities, the nature and scale of micro-projects and small-scale investors are rarely explored. This article proposes to examine the ‘ordinary fabric of the city’ through these micro real estate projects, which oscillate between formal and informal practices, based on a qualitative study conducted with mainly resident investors and small-scale developers in a peripheral municipality of the Algerian capital, Algiers. Our starting point is the hypothesis that urban production is increasingly moving towards more insecure and unpredictable cities as a result of private initiatives that are less visible, but nonetheless decisive in urban transformation. The study examines the conditions under which these investments emerge, in undervalued urban spaces and in a partially or wholly informal context. It also focuses on the bricolage of the ordinary fabric, analyses forms of ‘tactics’ used by actors to mimic legality, takes into account the conflictual aspects of emerging projects and bears witness to the emergence of a quasi-informal property market. The findings point to a strong potential for policy to formalise informal practices. The results also indicate that a significant part of the city depends on free market mechanisms that are partially free of constraints, where non-conforming transactions and constructions shape a mixed urbanisation.
虽然关于建筑环境生产机制的学术研究往往集中在与公共当局合作的大型房地产项目上,但很少探讨微型项目和小规模投资者的性质和规模。本文建议通过这些在正式和非正式实践之间摇摆的微型房地产项目来检验“城市的普通结构”,基于对阿尔及利亚首都阿尔及尔外围城市的主要居民投资者和小规模开发商进行的定性研究。我们的出发点是一个假设,即城市生产越来越多地向更不安全、更不可预测的城市转移,这是私人倡议的结果,这些倡议不太明显,但在城市转型中却具有决定性。该研究审查了这些投资出现的条件,在被低估的城市空间和部分或完全非正式的情况下。它还关注普通结构的拼凑,分析演员用来模仿合法性的“策略”形式,考虑到新兴项目的冲突方面,并见证了准非正式房地产市场的出现。研究结果表明,政策很有可能使非正式做法正规化。结果还表明,城市的很大一部分依赖于部分不受约束的自由市场机制,其中不合规的交易和建设形成了混合城市化。
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引用次数: 0
Intergenerational housing strategies and social closure in Gangnam 江南的代际住房策略与社会封闭
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1177/00420980251410862
Sihyun Choi
This study examines intergenerational wealth transfer and class reproduction strategies centered on Gangnam housing, drawing from in-depth interviews with senior residents and their adult children. The senior upper-middle class residents of Gangnam, who acquired residential properties early during the district’s development and accumulated significant wealth, engage in class reproduction by transferring assets—primarily Gangnam real estate—to their adult children. This practice emerges as a response to rising labor market insecurity and increasing housing market polarization, which make it difficult for their children to secure residency in Gangnam independently. This article makes three key arguments. First, it emphasizes that class reproduction strategies extend beyond young adulthood, continuing over the life course into middle age. Second, it highlights that intergenerational wealth transfer requires persistent collaboration and sustained efforts between generations. Third, it argues that family strategies aimed exclusively at sharing scarce urban resources, such as Gangnam’s high-priced real estate, exemplify class- and space-based social closure, thereby functioning as a mechanism that perpetuates social inequality.
本研究通过对老年居民及其成年子女的深度访谈,探讨了以江南住宅为中心的代际财富转移和阶层再生产策略。江南地区的中上阶层老人在该地区发展的早期就获得了住宅,积累了大量财富,他们通过将资产(主要是江南房地产)转移给成年子女来进行阶级再生产。这是因为,由于劳动市场的不安全感和住宅市场两极化加剧,子女很难独立在江南定居。本文提出了三个关键论点。首先,它强调阶级繁殖策略的延续超越了青年期,在整个生命历程中一直延续到中年。其次,它强调了代际财富转移需要两代人之间持续的合作和持续的努力。第三,它认为,家庭战略完全以共享稀缺的城市资源为目标,例如江南的高价房地产,体现了基于阶级和空间的社会封闭,从而成为一种使社会不平等永久化的机制。
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引用次数: 0
Mobile home residents’ tenuous right to the city: Uniform or varied? 活动房屋居民对城市的脆弱权利:统一还是变化?
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1177/00420980251408379
Lora A. Phillips
Scholarly debates about a right to the city in the Global North have largely neglected the potential role of housing type and tenure in shaping displacement risk and socio-demographic disparities therein. Yet, past scholarship demonstrates that mobile home residents face a heighted risk of dispossession relative to residents of other dwelling types. Leveraging microdata from Canada’s 2021 Census of Population, I elucidate who would lose their right to the city if urban mobile home residents were displaced. First, I use latent class analysis to identify two distinct clusters of urban mobile home residents, each containing approximately 50% of Canada’s urban mobile home population, but whose socio-demographic characteristics differ along key dimensions of social vulnerability. Next, I conduct a series of logistic regression models to simulate between-cluster variation in the likelihood of displacement if mobile home dispossession were to occur. Results demonstrate significant variation in the likelihood of displacement across clusters, suggesting that the urban mobile home residents at the greatest risk of displacement are lower-income, white, older adults who are not in the labor force and who live alone. By bringing scholarly debates about a right to the city into conversation with the literature on mobile homes, I underscore the key role of dwelling type and tenure in shaping urban citizenship in Canada.
关于全球北方城市居住权的学术辩论在很大程度上忽视了住房类型和使用权在形成流离失所风险和社会人口差异方面的潜在作用。然而,过去的学术研究表明,相对于其他住宅类型的居民,移动房屋居民面临着更高的剥夺风险。利用加拿大2021年人口普查的微观数据,我阐明了如果城市流动房屋居民流离失所,谁将失去对城市的权利。首先,我使用潜在阶级分析来确定两个不同的城市移动房屋居民集群,每个集群包含大约50%的加拿大城市移动房屋人口,但其社会人口特征在社会脆弱性的关键维度上有所不同。接下来,我进行了一系列的逻辑回归模型来模拟如果发生移动房屋剥夺,迁移可能性的集群间变化。结果表明,在不同的集群中,流离失所的可能性存在显著差异,表明流离失所风险最大的城市移动房屋居民是低收入、白人、老年人,他们不在劳动力队伍中,而且是独居的。通过将关于城市权利的学术辩论与关于移动房屋的文献进行对话,我强调了居住类型和使用权在塑造加拿大城市公民身份方面的关键作用。
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引用次数: 0
An infrastructure of embodied practices: How disabled people become part of public transport in Santiago de Chile 具体实践的基础设施:残疾人如何成为智利圣地亚哥公共交通的一部分
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1177/00420980251413498
Daniel Muñoz
This article examines how disabled people become part of public transport infrastructure through embodied and interactional practices. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and video analysis of journeys in Santiago de Chile, it explores how disabled users co-produce the system’s functioning—anchoring themselves in carriages, navigating ticketing processes, or coordinating alighting from buses. Challenging dominant framings of accessibility as material provision or personal independence, the article emphasizes the relational and distributed nature of disability and mobility. It draws on critical infrastructure studies, disability studies, and ethnomethodology to conceptualize public transport as a “coming-together” of bodies and materialities. Rather than merely revealing breakdowns or failure, the analysis foregrounds the everyday labor of care, coordination, and adjustment through which infrastructure is sustained. Disabled people’s embodied practices are shown to be infrastructural in themselves—constitutive of what allows the system to function. This perspective calls for a shift in how urban mobility is conceptualized and designed: not as a neutral system serving passive users but as an interdependent accomplishment involving human bodies, materials, and social relations. The article argues for recognition of this labor, and for planning approaches that value, rather than seek to eliminate, embodied interdependence as part of more just, inclusive urban transport.
本文探讨了残疾人如何通过具体和互动的实践成为公共交通基础设施的一部分。通过对智利圣地亚哥旅行的人种学田野调查和视频分析,它探讨了残疾用户如何共同产生系统的功能——将自己固定在车厢里,导航票务过程,或协调从公共汽车上下来。这篇文章挑战了无障碍作为物质供应或个人独立的主流框架,强调了残疾和流动性的关系和分布性质。它借鉴了关键的基础设施研究、残疾研究和民族方法学,将公共交通概念化为身体和物质的“结合”。该分析不仅揭示了故障或故障,还强调了基础设施赖以维持的日常护理、协调和调整工作。残疾人的具体实践本身是基础设施,是系统运行的组成部分。这一观点要求转变城市交通的概念化和设计方式:不是作为一个服务于被动用户的中立系统,而是作为一种涉及人体、材料和社会关系的相互依存的成就。本文主张承认这种劳动,并主张规划方法重视而不是试图消除体现的相互依存,将其作为更公正、更具包容性的城市交通的一部分。
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引用次数: 0
Race, segregated urban mobility, and socioeconomic ascent: A neighborhood network approach 种族、隔离的城市流动性和社会经济上升:一个社区网络方法
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/00420980251408585
Jennifer Candipan, Noli Brazil
Past research on neighborhood ascent—socioeconomic increases among residents and housing—focuses on residential environments, overlooking how connections beyond their boundaries influence neighborhood change. Using geocoded tweets from over 375,000 Twitter users in the 50 most populous US cities, we explore how a city’s mobility network relates to neighborhood socioeconomic (SES) ascent from 2010 to 2019—whether ascent is more likely in cities more or less structurally connected via residents’ routine travels. We find that neighborhoods located in cities with greater racially segregated mobility, particularly initially lower-SES neighborhoods, are more likely to ascend compared to those in cities where residents more frequently visit neighborhoods of different racial compositions than their own. While ascent patterns are similar across White and Hispanic neighborhoods, regardless of city type, neighborhoods with no racial majority are more likely to ascend in cities with greater segregated mobility. Black neighborhoods are least likely to ascend, underscoring how deeply entrenched racial hierarchies continue to shape neighborhood trajectories. Our results highlight broader urban dynamics structuring neighborhood ascent, revealing how stratification processes extend well beyond where people live.
过去关于社区上升的研究——居民和住房之间的社会经济增长——关注的是居住环境,忽视了边界之外的联系如何影响社区变化。我们使用来自美国50个人口最多城市的37.5万多名Twitter用户的地理编码推文,探讨了2010年至2019年一个城市的交通网络与社区社会经济(SES)上升的关系——在居民日常出行的结构上,城市的社会经济(SES)上升是否更有可能发生。我们发现,位于种族隔离流动性较大的城市的社区,特别是最初较低的社会经济地位的社区,与那些居民更频繁地访问不同种族组成的社区的城市相比,更有可能上升。尽管白人社区和西班牙裔社区的上升模式相似,但无论城市类型如何,没有种族占多数的社区更有可能在隔离流动性更强的城市中上升。黑人社区上升的可能性最小,这突显出根深蒂固的种族等级制度继续影响着社区的发展轨迹。我们的研究结果强调了更广泛的城市动态结构邻里上升,揭示了分层过程如何远远超出人们居住的地方。
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引用次数: 0
Cities on fire: Towards an elemental urbanism in the Anthropocene 燃烧的城市:走向人类世的基本城市主义
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/00420980251410816
Andrés Luque-Ayala, Marijn Nieuwenhuis
This intervention outlines a new way of thinking about the growing entanglements between fire and urban life in the Anthropocene, calling for a dialogue between urban studies and elemental geographies as a conceptual lens that addresses the changing nature of nature in contemporary urban worlds. As wildfires increasingly impact cities—destroying infrastructure and property, displacing populations, and altering air quality across vast distances—fire emerges not only as risk and hazard but also as an elemental force reshaping the city’s political, material, and conceptual foundations. Our aim is twofold. First, we open a debate on an emerging urban condition of the Anthropocene where fire assumes a reinvigorated presence. Second, exploring analytical pathways for re-thinking cities on fire, we discuss connections between urban studies and elemental geographies—a growing subfield of cultural and political geography which engages with the elements as a way of thinking with Earth’s materialities. The resurgence of fire in the city, we contend, signals the growing presence of “elemental exposures” resulting from global environmental change and Anthropogenic climate and ecological emergencies. Following a review of fire scholarship within urban studies, we suggest an elemental rethinking of fire—not as a spatially distant or exceptional event but as a shared, co-constitutive, agentic, and persistent presence demanding collective responsibility and adaptation as well as novel ways of conceptualizing city–nature relationships. The resulting urban pyropolitics frames cities as dynamic, more-than-human sites of climate transformation and vulnerability, highlighting the unequal distribution of elemental exposure in the Anthropocene city and its racialized, gendered, and classed dimensions.
这一介入概述了一种思考人类世中火与城市生活之间日益纠缠的新方式,呼吁城市研究与元素地理学之间的对话,作为解决当代城市世界中不断变化的自然性质的概念镜头。随着野火对城市的影响越来越大——摧毁基础设施和财产,转移人口,改变远距离的空气质量——火灾不仅是一种风险和危害,而且是一种重塑城市政治、物质和概念基础的基本力量。我们的目标是双重的。首先,我们开启了一场关于人类世新兴城市状况的辩论,在这里,火重新焕发了活力。其次,探索重新思考着火城市的分析途径,我们讨论了城市研究与元素地理学之间的联系——元素地理学是文化和政治地理学的一个不断发展的分支,它将元素作为一种思考地球物质的方式。我们认为,火灾在城市中的死灰复燃,标志着全球环境变化、人为气候和生态紧急情况导致的“元素暴露”日益存在。在回顾了城市研究中的火灾学术研究之后,我们建议从根本上重新思考火灾,而不是将其视为空间上遥远或特殊的事件,而是作为一种共享的、共同构成的、能动的、持久的存在,需要集体责任和适应,以及概念化城市-自然关系的新方法。由此产生的城市热政治学将城市定义为动态的、超越人类的气候变化和脆弱性场所,突出了人类世城市中元素暴露的不平等分布及其种族化、性别化和分类维度。
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引用次数: 0
Navigating the urban fringe: Socially embedded adaptation of informal transportation amid Bogotá’s urban gondola investment 导航城市边缘:波哥大<e:1>城市贡多拉投资中非正式交通的社会嵌入适应
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/00420980251398997
Manuel A. Santana Palacios
This paper capitalizes on the opening of Bogotá’s first urban gondola, locally known as TransMiCable, to examine the socially embedded character that shapes the adaptation of informal transportation markets to urban change. Drawing on GPS-assisted route mapping techniques, field observations, and semi-structured interviews with community leaders, informal transportation providers, and planners, findings reveal that the informal transportation market expanded following the opening of TransMiCable. New route associations were formed to connect the sprawling periphery with TransMiCable, and others reoriented their service toward the project. These adaptations were shaped by a complex interplay of social dynamics, including negotiations involving informal transportation, cooperative heads, neighborhood organizations, and the state, as well as a historical process of informal land development that continues to push the urban fringe outward. While informal transportation undeniably fills service gaps left by conventional public transit, as other scholars have long argued, this study underscores the social dynamics that, together with peripheral urbanization processes, shape how these markets emerge, adapt, and persist in cities in the Global South.
本文以波哥大首个城市贡多拉(当地称为TransMiCable)的开放为例,研究了影响非正式交通市场适应城市变化的社会嵌入特征。利用gps辅助路线测绘技术、实地观察以及对社区领导人、非正规交通提供者和规划者的半结构化访谈,研究结果显示,TransMiCable项目启动后,非正规交通市场扩大了。形成了新的路线协会,将扩展的周边与TransMiCable连接起来,其他人则重新定位了他们对项目的服务。这些适应是由社会动态的复杂相互作用形成的,包括涉及非正式交通、合作社负责人、社区组织和国家的谈判,以及不断向外推动城市边缘的非正式土地开发的历史过程。正如其他学者长期以来所争论的那样,虽然非正式交通无可否认地填补了传统公共交通留下的服务缺口,但本研究强调了社会动态,以及外围城市化进程,塑造了这些市场如何在全球南方城市中出现、适应和持续。
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引用次数: 0
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Urban Studies
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