Ksenia S. Egorova*, Alexey V. Kibardin, Alexandra V. Posvyatenko and Valentine P. Ananikov*,
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引用次数: 0
摘要
这篇综述详细讨论了研究离子液体(IL)与生物系统之间相互作用的不断发展的领域。从熔盐电解质到现在的多用途物质,离子液体因其卓越的物理化学特性(包括出色的可调性)已在各个领域得到广泛应用。然而,它们与生物系统的相互作用以及对生物体的潜在影响在很大程度上仍未得到探索。本综述探讨了 ILs 对细胞培养物、生物大分子以及脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的细胞毒性作用。近年来,我们对 IL 毒性的了解不断加深,但仍处于起步阶段。已有的研究结果包括:ILs 的有害影响与其扰乱细胞膜的能力、引发细胞氧化应激的潜力以及通过细胞凋亡导致细胞死亡的能力之间的相关性。综述提出的未来研究方向包括:研究各种ILs在细胞区室和细胞器中的分布;研究ILs在细胞和生物体内的代谢转化;详细分析IL对参与氧化应激和细胞凋亡的蛋白质的影响;IL剂量、暴露时间和由此产生的不良影响之间的相关性研究;以及研究亚毒性浓度的ILs对各种生物对象的影响。这篇综述旨在对当前有关 IL 相关毒性机制的知识体系进行批判性分析。此外,它还能指导研究人员设计毒性较低的 IL,并在药物开发和医疗中明智地使用 IL。
Mechanisms of Biological Effects of Ionic Liquids: From Single Cells to Multicellular Organisms
The review presents a detailed discussion of the evolving field studying interactions between ionic liquids (ILs) and biological systems. Originating from molten salt electrolytes to present multiapplication substances, ILs have found usage across various fields due to their exceptional physicochemical properties, including excellent tunability. However, their interactions with biological systems and potential influence on living organisms remain largely unexplored. This review examines the cytotoxic effects of ILs on cell cultures, biomolecules, and vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. Our understanding of IL toxicity, while growing in recent years, is yet nascent. The established findings include correlations between harmful effects of ILs and their ability to disturb cellular membranes, their potential to trigger oxidative stress in cells, and their ability to cause cell death via apoptosis. Future research directions proposed in the review include studying the distribution of various ILs within cellular compartments and organelles, investigating metabolic transformations of ILs in cells and organisms, detailed analysis of IL effects on proteins involved in oxidative stress and apoptosis, correlation studies between IL doses, exposure times and resulting adverse effects, and examination of effects of subtoxic concentrations of ILs on various biological objects. This review aims to serve as a critical analysis of the current body of knowledge on IL-related toxicity mechanisms. Furthermore, it can guide researchers toward the design of less toxic ILs and the informed use of ILs in drug development and medicine.
期刊介绍:
Chemical Reviews is a highly regarded and highest-ranked journal covering the general topic of chemistry. Its mission is to provide comprehensive, authoritative, critical, and readable reviews of important recent research in organic, inorganic, physical, analytical, theoretical, and biological chemistry.
Since 1985, Chemical Reviews has also published periodic thematic issues that focus on a single theme or direction of emerging research.