针对传染病和抗生素耐药性的小规模废水流行病学 (WBE):范围审查

IF 4.5 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES International journal of hygiene and environmental health Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI:10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114379
Dennis Schmiege , Timo Haselhoff , Alexander Thomas , Ivana Kraiselburd , Folker Meyer , Susanne Moebus
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引用次数: 0

摘要

废水分析可作为公共卫生信息的来源。近年来,基于废水的流行病学(WBE)应运而生,并被证明有助于检测传染病。然而,从污水处理厂获得的信息无法对下水道系统进行小规模区分,而这正是对研究对象进行更详细分析所必需的。本范围综述的目的是全面概述目前有关传染病小规模 WBE 的知识状况,包括其应用的方法学考虑因素。我们进行了系统的数据库搜索,只考虑了同行评议文章。在 2130 篇文章中,我们收录了 278 篇,其中大部分是 2020 年以来发表的。这些研究分析了建筑物层面的废水(n = 203),尤其是医疗设施(n = 110)和教育设施(n = 80),以及社区层面的废水(n = 86)。主要分析参数是病毒(n = 178),特别是 SARS-CoV-2 (n = 161),以及抗生素耐药性(ABR)生物标志物(n = 99),通常通过聚合酶链反应(PCR)进行分析,DNA 测序技术较少使用。在采样技术方面,主动采样占主导地位。总之,在大量研究的基础上,我们确定了小规模水生生物多样性研究的几项方法论考虑因素和总体战略方面。小尺度水生生物多样性的有利环境需要各国间跨学科知识共享。促进采用小规模水经济模式将受益于国际上对该方法的共同概念化,包括标准化和国际公认的术语。特别是,有必要针对小规模水力发电企业的不同方面制定良好的水力发电企业做法。这包括为当地下水道系统及其子流域的全面特征描述制定指导原则,以及为确保小规模水环 境教育结果的可比性制定透明的报告。
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Small-scale wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) for infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance: A scoping review

Wastewater analysis can serve as a source of public health information. In recent years, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has emerged and proven useful for the detection of infectious diseases. However, insights from the wastewater treatment plant do not allow for the small-scale differentiation within the sewer system that is needed to analyze the target population under study in more detail. Small-scale WBE offers several advantages, but there has been no systematic overview of its application.

The aim of this scoping review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on small-scale WBE for infectious diseases, including methodological considerations for its application. A systematic database search was conducted, considering only peer-reviewed articles. Data analyses included quantitative summary and qualitative narrative synthesis.

Of 2130 articles, we included 278, most of which were published since 2020. The studies analyzed wastewater at the building level (n = 203), especially healthcare (n = 110) and educational facilities (n = 80), and at the neighborhood scale (n = 86). The main analytical parameters were viruses (n = 178), notably SARS-CoV-2 (n = 161), and antibiotic resistance (ABR) biomarkers (n = 99), often analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with DNA sequencing techniques being less common. In terms of sampling techniques, active sampling dominated. The frequent lack of detailed information on the specification of selection criteria and the characterization of the small-scale sampling sites was identified as a concern.

In conclusion, based on the large number of studies, we identified several methodological considerations and overarching strategic aspects for small-scale WBE. An enabling environment for small-scale WBE requires inter- and transdisciplinary knowledge sharing across countries. Promoting the adoption of small-scale WBE will benefit from a common international conceptualization of the approach, including standardized and internationally accepted terminology. In particular, the development of good WBE practices for different aspects of small-scale WBE is warranted. This includes the establishment of guidelines for a comprehensive characterization of the local sewer system and its sub-sewersheds, and transparent reporting to ensure comparability of small-scale WBE results.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
5.00%
发文量
151
审稿时长
22 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health serves as a multidisciplinary forum for original reports on exposure assessment and the reactions to and consequences of human exposure to the biological, chemical, and physical environment. Research reports, short communications, reviews, scientific comments, technical notes, and editorials will be peer-reviewed before acceptance for publication. Priority will be given to articles on epidemiological aspects of environmental toxicology, health risk assessments, susceptible (sub) populations, sanitation and clean water, human biomonitoring, environmental medicine, and public health aspects of exposure-related outcomes.
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