迪亚波罗山脉火灾后拉威尔沉积物迁移的变异性

IF 2.8 2区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Earth Surface Dynamics Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI:10.5194/egusphere-2023-2694
Hayden L. Jacobson, Danica L. Roth, Gabriel Walton, Margaret Zimmer, Kerri Johnson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要。干耙流描述了单个颗粒向下斜坡的迁移,其迁移机制在火灾后发生的变化在区域层面上很少得到证实,但由于干耙流可能导致美国西部火灾后观察到的沉积物通量和相关泥石流活动增加,因此了解干耙流的变化至关重要。在本研究中,我们通过一系列野外实验,用现场收集的颗粒模拟塌方,评估了火灾后干塌方移动距离超标概率和脱离率的变化。在 2021 年 3 月至 2022 年 3 月期间,我们在 2020 年 8 月圣克拉拉单元闪电复合火灾后加利福尼亚中部沿海 Diablo 山脉的土壤覆盖山坡上进行了实验,目的是确定 3 至 35 毫米之间不同粒径的 "有界"(轻尾)或 "失控"(重尾或非局部)运动机制。我们在朝南的草坡和朝北的橡树林地斜坡上进行了这项研究。我们通过在一系列实验斜坡上对不同粒径颗粒的经验移动距离超标概率拟合洛马克斯概率分布模型,跟踪了火灾后颗粒传输机制的演变。实验结果表明,随着植被在火灾后第一年内的恢复,朝南斜坡上最大的实验颗粒(中间轴中值为 28 毫米)的迁移行为普遍从更多的失控迁移过渡到更多的受约束迁移,而朝南或朝北斜坡上的中小颗粒(中间轴中值分别为 6 毫米和 13 毫米)以及朝北斜坡上的大颗粒的迁移行为则没有发生明显变化。第一年之后,植被特征(如草密度)的季节性变化似乎控制了颗粒的运动。
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Post-fire Variability in Sediment Transport by Ravel in the Diablo Range
Abstract. Post-fire changes to the transport regime of dry ravel, which describes the transport of individual particles downslope, are poorly constrained on a regional level but critical to understand as ravel may contribute to elevated sediment fluxes and associated debris-flow activity observed post-fire in the western United States. In this study, we evaluated post-fire variability in dry ravel travel distance exceedance probabilities and disentrainment rates through a series of field experiments simulating ravel with particles collected in situ. We conducted experiments between March 2021 and March 2022 on soil-mantled hillslopes in the Diablo Range of central coastal California following the Santa Clara Unit Lightning Complex fire of August 2020 with the goal of identifying a regime of “bounded” (light-tailed) or “runaway” (heavy-tailed or nonlocal) motion for different particle sizes between 3 and 35 mm. We conducted this study on both grassy south-facing slopes and oak woodland north-facing slopes. We tracked the post-fire evolution of particle transport regimes by fitting a probabilistic Lomax distribution model to the empirical travel distance exceedance probabilities of different particle sizes on a range of experimental slopes. Our experimental results indicated that a general transition from more runaway to more bounded transport occurred for our largest experimental particles (median intermediate axis of 28 mm) on south-facing slopes as vegetation recovered within the first year post-fire, while small and medium particles (median intermediate axes of 6 and 13 mm respectively) on south- or north-facing slopes and large particles on north-facing slopes did not experience notable changes in transport behavior. After the first year, seasonal variation in vegetation characteristics, such as grass density, appeared to control particle motion.
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来源期刊
Earth Surface Dynamics
Earth Surface Dynamics GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICALGEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCI-GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
5.90%
发文量
56
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: Earth Surface Dynamics (ESurf) is an international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and discussion of high-quality research on the physical, chemical, and biological processes shaping Earth''s surface and their interactions on all scales.
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