用于原核系统工程的 CRISPR 工具:最新进展和新应用

IF 7.6 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI:10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-100522-114706
Diego Alba Burbano, Cholpisit Kiattisewee, Ava V. Karanjia, Ryan A.L. Cardiff, Ian D. Faulkner, Widianti Sugianto, James M. Carothers
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在过去的几十年里,CRISPR-Cas 系统的广泛应用为生物技术带来了革命性的变化,使多种生物的多模式遗传操作成为可能。我们从分子工程的角度出发,概述了 CRISPR 的不同组成部分,以及如何将它们设计用于特定的基因工程应用。我们首先介绍了用于通过基因编辑和基因调控来编程新生物功能的 Cas 蛋白和系留效应器。我们回顾了当前的引导 RNA(gRNA)设计策略和计算工具,以及如何通过调控 gRNA 的表达来构建基于 CRISPR 的基因回路。然后,我们介绍了基于 CRISPR 的生物传感、生物生产和生物治疗在体外和体内原核系统中的最新进展。最后,我们将讨论原核生物 CRISPR 技术即将出现的应用,这些应用将在不久的将来改变合成生物学原理。
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CRISPR Tools for Engineering Prokaryotic Systems: Recent Advances and New Applications
In the past decades, the broad selection of CRISPR-Cas systems has revolutionized biotechnology by enabling multimodal genetic manipulation in diverse organisms. Rooted in a molecular engineering perspective, we recapitulate the different CRISPR components and how they can be designed for specific genetic engineering applications. We first introduce the repertoire of Cas proteins and tethered effectors used to program new biological functions through gene editing and gene regulation. We review current guide RNA (gRNA) design strategies and computational tools and how CRISPR-based genetic circuits can be constructed through regulated gRNA expression. Then, we present recent advances in CRISPR-based biosensing, bioproduction, and biotherapeutics across in vitro and in vivo prokaryotic systems. Finally, we discuss forthcoming applications in prokaryotic CRISPR technology that will transform synthetic biology principles in the near future.
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来源期刊
Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering
Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering CHEMISTRY, APPLIED-ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL
CiteScore
16.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
25
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering aims to provide a perspective on the broad field of chemical (and related) engineering. The journal draws from disciplines as diverse as biology, physics, and engineering, with development of chemical products and processes as the unifying theme.
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