量子芝诺效应为何不会冻结宇宙?

Antoine Soulas
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们建立了一个离散模型,模拟两级系统的自由内部演化与与周围环境相互作用引起的退相干之间无处不在的竞争。该模型旨在尽可能地通用,因此没有假定特定的哈密顿。这就产生了一个分析标准,它取决于短时间退相干的水平,可以确定系统是否会因芝诺效应而冻结。我们在几类与不同物理情况相对应的函数上检验了这一标准。在最一般的情况下,自由演化战胜了退相干,从而解释了为什么宇宙确实没有冻结。
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Why is the universe not frozen by the quantum Zeno effect?
We build a discrete model that simulates the ubiquitous competition between the free internal evolution of a two-level system and the decoherence induced by the interaction with its surrounding environment. It is aimed at being as universal as possible, so that no specific Hamiltonian is assumed. This leads to an analytic criterion, depending on the level of short time decoherence, allowing to determine whether the system will freeze due to the Zeno effect. We check this criterion on several classes of functions which correspond to different physical situations. In the most generic case, the free evolution wins over decoherence, thereby explaining why the universe is indeed not frozen.
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