突触前蛋白及其在视网膜视觉处理中的作用

IF 5 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Annual Review of Vision Science Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI:10.1146/annurev-vision-101322-111204
Wallace B. Thoreson, David Zenisek
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引用次数: 0

摘要

视觉始于视网膜,在视网膜上,光被检测到并通过一系列复杂的突触连接处理成有意义的信息,通过视网膜神经节细胞传递给大脑。光反应开始时是光感受器中的强直和分级信号,随后从视网膜上的神经节细胞中产生一系列尖峰信号。视网膜的处理过程提取了视觉世界的关键特征,包括空间频率、时间频率、运动方向、颜色、对比度和亮度。为此,视网膜进化出了专门和独特的突触类型。其中包括感光器和双极细胞的带状突触、羊膜细胞和水平细胞的树突突触,以及水平细胞对感光器的非常规突触反馈。我们回顾了视网膜中这些独特的突触,重点介绍了突触前分子以及影响其功能的生理特性。
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Presynaptic Proteins and Their Roles in Visual Processing by the Retina
The sense of vision begins in the retina, where light is detected and processed through a complex series of synaptic connections into meaningful information relayed to the brain via retinal ganglion cells. Light responses begin as tonic and graded signals in photoreceptors, later emerging from the retina as a series of spikes from ganglion cells. Processing by the retina extracts critical features of the visual world, including spatial frequency, temporal frequency, motion direction, color, contrast, and luminance. To achieve this, the retina has evolved specialized and unique synapse types. These include the ribbon synapses of photoreceptors and bipolar cells, the dendritic synapses of amacrine and horizontal cells, and unconventional synaptic feedback from horizontal cells to photoreceptors. We review these unique synapses in the retina with a focus on the presynaptic molecules and physiological properties that shape their capabilities.
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来源期刊
Annual Review of Vision Science
Annual Review of Vision Science Medicine-Ophthalmology
CiteScore
11.10
自引率
1.70%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Vision Science reviews progress in the visual sciences, a cross-cutting set of disciplines which intersect psychology, neuroscience, computer science, cell biology and genetics, and clinical medicine. The journal covers a broad range of topics and techniques, including optics, retina, central visual processing, visual perception, eye movements, visual development, vision models, computer vision, and the mechanisms of visual disease, dysfunction, and sight restoration. The study of vision is central to progress in many areas of science, and this new journal will explore and expose the connections that link it to biology, behavior, computation, engineering, and medicine.
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