以非木材森林产品为基础的生物经济促进发展和森林保护--是尚未开发的潜力还是虚假的希望?对巴西亚马逊地区的系统回顾

IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS Forest Policy and Economics Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI:10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103228
Tomas Rosenfeld , Benno Pokorny , Jacques Marcovitch , Peter Poschen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

亚马逊森林是现存最大的热带森林生态系统,它的持续破坏不仅对当地居民,而且对气候、全球粮食安全和生物多样性都造成了巨大的社会和环境后果。亚马逊地区已经丧失了约 20% 的森林,而且很可能已经接近临界点,因此保护其森林是一个迫在眉睫的问题。人们对可持续利用非木材森林产品(NTFPs)寄予厚望,认为这是协调保护与发展的一种手段。因此,几十年来,依靠非木材森林产品发起了数百项倡议。近年来,随着生物经济论述的扩散,这些倡议又获得了新的动力。但这些期望是否合理,是否有事实依据?本文在系统文献综述的基础上,对作为巴西亚马逊可持续地方发展基础的非原生植物的知识状况进行了评估。分析表明,虽然研究数量在持续增长,但知识基础却相当零散。研究范围主要局限于少数几种具有较高商业价值的非物质文化遗产。文献大多证实了非物质文化遗产的使用对森林保护的积极影响,以及对满足当地社区社会文化需求的贡献。与此相反,现有研究指出了在当地创收方面的局限性,并建议将非物质森林产品的使用与木材的商业管理和环境服务的销售结合起来。在保护生物多样性方面,一些研究还指出了强调创收的举措的风险,并强调了生产多样化的重要性。令人担忧的是,有关这种综合和多样化方法效果的经验知识很少。研究议程对于支持在巴西亚马逊地区成功推广以非物质文化遗产为基础的价值链至关重要。该议程应包括一个全面的分析框架,以便对过去和未来的干预措施进行有力的评估。更好地了解这些措施的实际影响至关重要,可作为概念验证和大规模部署的证据。
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BIOECONOMY based on non-timber forest products for development and forest conservation - untapped potential or false hope? A systematic review for the BRAZILIAN amazon

The continuing destruction of the Amazonian forest, the largest remaining tropical forest ecosystem, has massive social and environmental consequences for local populations, but also for the climate, global food security and biodiversity. With some 20% of the forest already lost and the Amazon region likely approaching a tipping point, the conservation of its forests is a burning issue. High expectations are vested in the sustainable use of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) as a means to reconcile conservation and development. Accordingly, hundreds of initiatives have been launched over the decades that rely on NTFPs. With the proliferation of the bioeconomy discourse in recent years, they have received a new impetus. But are these expectations justified and backed-up by facts? Based on a systematic literature review, this article assesses the state of knowledge on NTFPs as a basis for sustainable local development in the Brazilian Amazon. The analysis reveals that while the number of studies has been growing continuously, the knowledge base is rather patchy. Coverage is limited mostly to a few NTFPs with high commercial value. The literature mostly attests positive effects of NTFP use on forest conservation and contributions to meeting socio-cultural needs of local communities. By contrast, existing studies identify limitations in terms of local income generation and suggest to combine the use of NTFPs with the commercial management for timber and the sale of environmental services. In terms of biodiversity conservation, some studies also point to risks of initiatives that emphasize income generation and stress the importance of diversifying production. It is worrying, that empirical knowledge on the effects of such combined and diversified approaches is scarce. A research agenda is crucial to support the successful promotion of NTFP-based value chains in the Brazilian Amazon. This agenda should include a comprehensive analytical framework that enables robust evaluations of past and future interventions. A better understanding of the actual impacts of such initiatives is vital as evidence for proof of concept and for deploying them at scale.

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来源期刊
Forest Policy and Economics
Forest Policy and Economics 农林科学-林学
CiteScore
9.00
自引率
7.50%
发文量
148
审稿时长
21.9 weeks
期刊介绍: Forest Policy and Economics is a leading scientific journal that publishes peer-reviewed policy and economics research relating to forests, forested landscapes, forest-related industries, and other forest-relevant land uses. It also welcomes contributions from other social sciences and humanities perspectives that make clear theoretical, conceptual and methodological contributions to the existing state-of-the-art literature on forests and related land use systems. These disciplines include, but are not limited to, sociology, anthropology, human geography, history, jurisprudence, planning, development studies, and psychology research on forests. Forest Policy and Economics is global in scope and publishes multiple article types of high scientific standard. Acceptance for publication is subject to a double-blind peer-review process.
期刊最新文献
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