阿利效应的大小因阿利机制而异,但因分类群而异

IF 3.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Oikos Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI:10.1111/oik.10386
Eva J. Muir, Marc J. Lajeunesse, Andrew M. Kramer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

阿利效应是一种依赖于密度的现象,在低种群密度下,个体适合度会随着种群密度的增加而增加。过去几十年来,越来越多的研究利用实验方法和统计建模技术发现了种群中的阿利尔效应。这些研究在一系列系统和类群(如植物、脊椎动物、无脊椎动物)中调查了多种阿利机制(如配偶寻找、捕食、资源限制)。这项荟萃分析旨在综合那些通过实验操纵种群密度并测量人均种群增长或适应性成分的研究,目的是确定阿利效应(此处定义为种群密度与种群增长或适应性之间的正相关关系)的 "大小 "是否随不同分类群的阿利机制而变化。共筛选出 2305 项研究,其中 62 项符合我们的荟萃分析纳入标准。在这 62 项研究中,我们发现了 155 个效应大小,涵盖五大类群中九种不同的阿利机制。按近郊效应机制和分类群分组时,不同机制的近郊效应大小不同,而分类群在解释近郊效应大小的差异方面作用较小。在确定的九种近邻效应机制中,种间竞争与最大的近邻效应相关,其次是恐惧、花粉限制和配偶限制。这些发现表明,阿利尔效应可能更依赖于机制而不是类群,而且在不同的类群中也可能发挥类似的作用。然而,由于本荟萃分析所包含的大多数阿利尔效应实验研究都集中在植物和无脊椎动物上,因此需要对其他分类群的阿利尔效应进行更多研究,以证实这一结论。这是对生态学中阿利尔效应研究的首次定量综述,为阿利尔机制如何影响种群中阿利尔效应的表现提供了新的见解,为生态学家和自然保护主义者提供了重要信息。
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The magnitude of Allee effects varies across Allee mechanisms, but not taxonomic groups
The Allee effect is a density‐dependent phenomenon in which individual fitness increases as population density increases at low population densities. Over the past few decades, a growing number of studies have identified Allee effects in populations using experimental approaches and statistical modeling techniques. These studies have investigated multiple Allee mechanisms (e.g. mate‐finding, predation, resource limitation), across a range of systems and taxa (e.g. plants, vertebrates, invertebrates). This meta‐analysis aims to synthesize studies that experimentally manipulated population density and measured either per capita population growth or fitness components, with the goal of determining whether the ‘magnitude' of the Allee effect (defined here as the positive correlation between population density and population growth or fitness) varies with Allee mechanism across taxonomic groups. A total of 2305 studies were screened, and 62 of these studies met our meta‐analysis inclusion criteria. Within these 62 studies, 155 effect sizes encompassing nine different Allee mechanisms were identified across five broad taxa. When grouped by Allee mechanism and taxa, the magnitude of the Allee effect differed across mechanisms, whereas taxonomic group was less useful at explaining variation in the magnitude of Allee effects. Of the nine Allee mechanisms identified, interspecific competition was associated with the largest Allee effects, followed by fear, pollen limitation and mate limitation. These findings suggest that Allee effects may be more dependent on mechanism than taxa and may function similarly within different taxonomic groups. However, as the majority of experimental Allee effect studies included in this meta‐analysis focused on plants and invertebrates, more research is needed on Allee effects in other taxonomic groups to confirm this conclusion. This first quantitative synthesis of Allee effect research in ecology offers novel insight into how Allee mechanisms affect the manifestation of Allee effects in populations, providing important information for ecologists and conservationists.
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来源期刊
Oikos
Oikos 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
5.90%
发文量
152
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Oikos publishes original and innovative research on all aspects of ecology, defined as organism-environment interactions at various spatiotemporal scales, so including macroecology and evolutionary ecology. Emphasis is on theoretical and empirical work aimed at generalization and synthesis across taxa, systems and ecological disciplines. Papers can contribute to new developments in ecology by reporting novel theory or critical empirical results, and "synthesis" can include developing new theory, tests of general hypotheses, or bringing together established or emerging areas of ecology. Confirming or extending the established literature, by for example showing results that are novel for a new taxon, or purely applied research, is given low priority.
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