商用机组人员在 "烟雾和气味事件 "后对挥发性有机化合物和有机磷阻燃剂的生物监测

IF 4.5 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES International journal of hygiene and environmental health Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI:10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114381
Tobias Weiss , Stephan Koslitz , Christoph Nöllenheidt , Christoph Caumanns , Jörg Hedtmann , Heiko U. Käfferlein , Thomas Brüning
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引用次数: 0

摘要

"烟雾和气味事件 "是飞机上发生的伴有难闻气味或可见烟雾的短期事件,事件发生后对人体健康的危害仍然存在争议。我们通过生物监测评估了 375 名自我报告 "烟雾和气味事件 "后的空勤人员和 88 名普通人群接触挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 和有机磷化合物 (OPC) 的情况。通过气相色谱法和质谱法对血液和尿液中的 20 个参数进行了分析。与对照组相比,空勤人员血液和尿液中丙酮的中位含量以及血液中 2-丙醇的中位含量均有所升高(p < 0.0001)。此外,空勤人员血液中的正庚烷和正辛烷,以及尿液中的丙酮、2,5-己二酮和邻甲酚的峰值辐照量都有所升高(以第 95 百分位数估算最佳)。只有在空勤人员尿液中观察到的 2,5-己二酮最高含量(768 微克/升)和在血液中观察到的甲苯最高含量(77 微克/升)高于美国政府工业卫生学家会议(US-ACGIH)针对职业接触正己烷和甲苯这两种公认的人类神经毒物的工人规定的现行生物接触指数(BEI® 水平)(分别为 500 微克/升和 20 微克/升)。在对照组中也可观察到低浓度接触正己烷和甲苯的情况。在空勤人员和对照组中,尿液中的大多数 OPC 参数(包括三苯基膦的神经毒性原异构体参数)都低于定量限。我们对大量空勤人员和对照组生物样本中的挥发性有机化合物和 OPC 进行了比较分析,结果表明,两组人员的接触情况相似,且一般较低。
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Biomonitoring of volatile organic compounds and organophosphorus flame retardands in commercial aircrews after „fume and smell events“

Health risks to humans after „fume and smell events“, short-term incidents on aircrafts that are accompanied by unpleasant odour or visible smoke, remain a subject of controversy. We assessed exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOC) and organophosphorus compounds (OPC) by biomonitoring in 375 aircrew members after self-reported “fume and smell events” and in 88 persons of the general population. A total of 20 parameters were analysed in blood and urine by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Median levels of acetone in blood and urine and 2-propanol in blood were elevated in aircrews compared to controls (p < 0.0001). Additionally, elevated peak exposures, best estimated by the 95th percentiles, were observed in aircrews for n-heptane and n-octane in blood, and acetone, 2,5-hexanedione and o-cresol in urine. Only the maximum observed levels of 2,5-hexandione in urine (768 μg/L) and toluene in blood (77 μg/L) in aircrew members were higher than the current biological exposure indices (BEI® levels) (500 and 20 μg/L, respectively) of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (US-ACGIH) for workers occupationally exposed to n-hexane and toluene, two well-accepted human neurotoxicants. Low-level exposures to n-hexane and toluene could be also observed in controls. The majority of OPC parameters in urine, including those of neurotoxic ortho-isomers of tricresylphosphate, were below the limit of quantitation in both aircrews and controls. Our comparative VOC and OPC analyses in biological samples of a large number of aircrew members and controls suggest that exposures are similar in both groups and generally low.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
5.00%
发文量
151
审稿时长
22 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health serves as a multidisciplinary forum for original reports on exposure assessment and the reactions to and consequences of human exposure to the biological, chemical, and physical environment. Research reports, short communications, reviews, scientific comments, technical notes, and editorials will be peer-reviewed before acceptance for publication. Priority will be given to articles on epidemiological aspects of environmental toxicology, health risk assessments, susceptible (sub) populations, sanitation and clean water, human biomonitoring, environmental medicine, and public health aspects of exposure-related outcomes.
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