冈底斯幼生下地壳生成过程中还原岩浆中的硫化物饱和:对西藏冈底斯带斑岩型铜金矿化的影响

IF 4.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Mineralium Deposita Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI:10.1007/s00126-024-01269-0
Jin-Lei Sun, Zhong-Jie Bai, Hong Zhong, Xu Liu, Jing-Jing Zhu, Lan Chen, Wei-Guang Zhu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

弧岩浆的硫饱和度和氧化态是斑岩型铜金矿床形成的重要因素。冈底斯地区的米林幼生下地壳积块(86.7-84.3 Ma)为硫化物饱和度和氧化态如何控制斑岩成矿提供了启示。积块中的锆石具有较低的Ce4+/Ce3+比值(21-90)和较低的氧富集度(ΔFMQ-1.8±0.5),这无法用碎屑结晶或地壳污染来解释,表明其继承自地幔源。地幔在还原条件下的部分熔融产生了硫化物饱和的原生弧岩浆,由于地幔中残留的硫化物,其亲铝元素含量较低。米林下地壳积聚物中含有硫化物,表明岩浆在岩浆分异的早期阶段就达到了硫化物饱和。根据我们的模型,硫化物饱和前的原生弧岩浆含有百万分之 66.7 的铜和百万分之 1.0 的金。硫化物饱和后的残余岩浆在下地壳中的含量为百万分之33-66铜和百万分之0.13-0.93金;即低于全球弧玄武岩中的含量。这两个因素阻碍了晚白垩世大型斑岩型铜金矿床在冈底斯带的形成。米林富硫化物堆积物的重熔只有在高温和高二氧化硫条件下才能生成富含铜的安山岩岩浆,而在低温甚至高二氧化硫条件下才能生成低铜含量的熔体。因此,下地壳重熔能否提供足够的金属来匹配冈底斯中新世碰撞后斑岩型铜矿床,温度起着至关重要的作用。
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Sulfide saturation in reduced magmas during generation of the Gangdese juvenile lower crust: Implications for porphyry Cu–Au mineralization in the Gangdese belt, Tibet

The S saturation and oxidation states of arc magmas are important factors in the formation of porphyry Cu–Au deposits. The Milin juvenile lower crustal cumulates (86.7–84.3 Ma) in the Gangdese provide insights into how sulfide saturation and oxidation states control porphyry mineralization. Zircons from the cumulates have low Ce4+/Ce3+ ratios (21–90) and reduced oxygen fugacities (ΔFMQ–1.8±0.5), which cannot be explained by fractional crystallization or crustal contamination, suggesting inheritance from a mantle source. Partial melting of the mantle under reduced conditions produced a sulfide-saturated primary arc magma with low chalcophile element contents owing to the residual sulfide in the mantle. The Milin lower crustal cumulates contain sulfides, indicating that the magma reached sulfide saturation in the early stages of magmatic differentiation. Based on our model, the primary arc magma before sulfide saturation contained 66.7 ppm Cu and 1.0 ppb Au. The residual magma after sulfide saturation in the lower crust contained 33–66 ppm Cu, 0.13–0.93 ppb Au; i.e., lower contents than those in arc basalts worldwide. Both these factors hindered the formation of Late Cretaceous large porphyry Cu–Au deposits in the Gangdese belt. Remelting of the Milin sulfide-rich cumulates can generate a Cu-rich andesitic magma only under high temperature and high-fO2 conditions, and a melt with low Cu content under low temperature even high-fO2 conditions. Thus, the temperature plays a crucial role in the remelting of the lower crust whether provide enough metals to match the Gangdese Miocene post-collisional porphyry Cu deposit.

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来源期刊
Mineralium Deposita
Mineralium Deposita 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
6.20%
发文量
61
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The journal Mineralium Deposita introduces new observations, principles, and interpretations from the field of economic geology, including nonmetallic mineral deposits, experimental and applied geochemistry, with emphasis on mineral deposits. It offers short and comprehensive articles, review papers, brief original papers, scientific discussions and news, as well as reports on meetings of importance to mineral research. The emphasis is on high-quality content and form for all articles and on international coverage of subject matter.
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