Cellulose nanocomposite tough hydrogels: synergistic self-healing, adhesive and strain-sensitive properties

Recent advancements are notable in electrically conductive hydrogels emulating human skin functions. However, a significant challenge remains: crafting a single conductive gel that integrates self-healing, robust mechanical strength, and excellent electrical traits. Our innovation lies in a strong, lightweight, curable gel achieved through multiple coordination bonds between cellulose crystals and acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in a polymer network. Embedded MWCNTs act as dynamic bridges within a porous structure, giving exceptional mechanical performance. Reversible coordination interactions confer remarkable recovery and reliable mechanical and electrical self-healing. Additionally, these ionic gels function as adaptable stress sensors, detecting significant movements like finger and joint motions. This work introduces MWCNT-incorporated nanomaterials with good stretchability, high ion conductivity, remarkable self-healing nature, and good stress sensitivity. Such proteins hold promise for electronic sensors, wearable devices, and healthcare monitoring, unveiling a path to diverse applications. Our study addresses challenges and unlocks possibilities for materials that can adapt, withstand, and sense in innovative ways. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.