印度刑法典》中有关强奸的立法回顾

Danyang Li
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摘要

印度《刑法典》第16章有 "强奸罪 "一节,主要分布在第375条和第376条,其中第375条主要规定强奸罪的基本构成,第376条主要规定强奸罪的基本情节和强奸罪的特殊情节及其法定刑。印度刑法典》中关于强奸罪的规定与我国关于强奸罪的规定存在诸多异同。对印度刑法典相关法律法规的研究也有利于我国相关法律法规的完善。印度刑法典》关于强奸罪的规定具有鲜明的特点,其中在条文的表述和特殊情况的应对上具有明显的优势。在强奸罪的认定标准、量刑标准、立法理念等方面存在一些有待完善的问题。可以通过完善注释和判例的作用、完善刑罚体系、加强宣传教育等方式加以完善。
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A Review of the Legislation of Rape in the Indian Penal Code
Chapter 16 of the Indian Criminal Code has a section on "Rape", which is mainly distributed in articles 375 and 376, of which Article 375 is mainly about the basic composition of the crime of rape, and Article 376 is mainly about the basic circumstances of the crime of rape and the special circumstances of the crime of rape and its statutory punishment. There are many similarities and differences between the provisions of rape crime in Indian Penal Code and that of rape crime in China. The research on the relevant laws and regulations of Indian Penal Code is also conducive to the improvement of relevant laws and regulations in China. The provisions of the Indian Penal Code on rape have distinct characteristics, among which there are obvious advantages in the expression of the provisions and the response to special circumstances. There are some problems to be improved in the identification standard, sentencing standard and legislative concept of rape crime. It can be perfected by improving the role of annotations and precedents, perfecting the penal system, and strengthening public education.
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