Effect of Humic Acid on Growth, Yield and Soil Properties in Rice: A Review

Humic acids, natural organic compounds derived from decaying organic matter, have gained significant attention in agriculture due to their potential to promote plant growth, yield, and soil fertility. Humic acid additions boost plant metabolism, promote root development, and increase nutrient absorption, leading to enhanced growth and development. Furthermore, humic acids have a significant role in improving the structure, moisture retention, and availability of nutrients in soil, thereby creating a favorable environment for plant growth. Studies have illustrated that humic acid application can lead to increased yields in a wide range of crops. Humic acid application efficiently increases hormonal activities and various enzyme activities which helps in tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis, and respiration process. The mechanisms underlying this enhancement involve the modulation of physiological processes, such as photosynthesis, nutrient assimilation, and stress tolerance. In addition to promoting plant growth and yield, humic acid amendments have been shown to positively influence on soil properties. These include increased microbial activity, enhanced soil aggregation, and improved nutrient cycling. Moreover, humic acids can mitigate soil degradation processes, such as salinization, thereby promoting sustainable agricultural practices. Through the utilization of humic acids, farmers may maximize crop yields while reducing their ecological footprint, therefore promoting food security and sustainable agriculture.