藻类:大自然的可再生燃料和化学品资源

Biomass Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI:10.3390/biomass4020016
Sourabh Chakraborty, N. Dunford
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引用次数: 0

摘要

基于微藻的可再生能源、工业化学品和食品在过去十年中受到了极大关注。这篇综述文章强调了藻类生物质作为生产各种商品和高价值产品(包括生物精炼系统中的芳香烃和脂质)的原料的多功能性。文章综述了在各种介质(特别是农业和工业生产设施产生的废水流)中培养的藻类生物质的脂质含量和组成。讨论了通过热化学技术(包括热解、水热液化和水热碳化)转化藻类生物质的技术和化学方面。根据所采用的转化工艺,对最终产品的特性进行了评述。回顾了过去 5 年内发表的研究报告。强调了进一步研究廉价和更有效催化剂的重要性,以及开发下游工艺以升级热转化工艺获得的原油产品的重要性。本综述最后深入讨论了基于藻类生物质的生物产品生产和商业化过程中的机遇和挑战。
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Algae: Nature’s Renewable Resource for Fuels and Chemicals
Microalgae-based renewable energy, industrial chemicals, and food have received great attention during the last decade. This review article highlights the versatility of algal biomass as a feedstock for producing various commodities and high-value products, including aromatic hydrocarbons and lipids within biorefinery systems. Lipid content and the composition of algal biomass cultivated in various media, specifically in wastewater streams generated at agricultural and industrial production facilities, are reviewed. Technical and chemical aspects of algal biomass conversion via thermochemical techniques including pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction, and hydrothermal carbonization are discussed. The properties of the final products are reviewed based on the conversion process employed. Studies published within the last 5 years are reviewed. The importance of further research on inexpensive and more effective catalysts and the development of downstream processes to upgrade crude products obtained from thermal conversion processes is emphasized. This review concludes with an in-depth discussion of the opportunities and challenges involved in algal biomass-based bioproduct manufacturing and commercialization.
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