The influence of the acid water of the Banyupait River on the community health in Bantal village, Asembagus, Indonesia

Mount Ijen crater water has a pH value of (0–2), resulting in water that is acidic and sulfurous. This acidic water flows into the Banyupait River. Chemical elements and heavy metals originating from the river pollute groundwater and plants. Communities around the river consume heavy metals, causing health risks, such as dental fluorosis. This research aims to determine the quality of Banyupait River water and groundwater, as well as determine community factors that are susceptible to dental fluorosis. The methods used in this research are field mapping and laboratory analysis. Analysis of water samples was done using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) method. River water has one parameter that exceeds the quality standard of the six parameters tested, namely pH 4–5.5. Meanwhile, groundwater has two parameters that exceed quality standards: fluorine of 0.6171 and 0.687 mg/L, and sulfate ranging from 325 to 683 mg/L. Groundwater quality parameters that influence the symptoms of dental fluorosis are fluorine and sulfate. Community factors such as adult age and the latest level of education, namely elementary school, are the most susceptible to dental fluorosis. This is because river water and ground water are exposed to fluorine and sulfate water originating from seepage from the Mount Ijen Crater.