Ahmed Khaled Abdella Ahmed, Moussa Shalaby, Osama Negim, T. Abdel-Wahed
There has been numerous research on the uses of treated wastewater that needs chlorine disinfection, but none have looked at the impacts of injecting nanobubbles (NBs) on the decomposition of residual chlorine. Gas NB injection in treated wastewater improves its properties. The kinetics of disinfectant decay could be impacted by changes in treated wastewater properties. This paper studies the effect of various NB injections on the residual chlorine decay of secondary treated wastewater (STWW). It also outlines the empirical equations that were developed to represent these impacts. The results show that each type of NBs in treated wastewater had a distinct initial chlorine concentration. The outcomes demonstrated a clear impact on the decrease of the needed chlorine quantity and the reduction of chlorine decay rate when utilizing NB injection for the STWW. As a result, the residual chlorine will remain for a longer time and will resist any microbiological growth under the application of NBs on treated wastewater. Moreover, NBs in secondary treated effluent reduce chlorine usage, lowering wastewater disinfection costs.
对需要氯消毒的经处理废水的用途进行了大量研究，但还没有研究过注入纳米气泡（NB）对余氯分解的影响。在处理过的废水中注入气体纳米气泡可以改善废水的性质。消毒剂的衰减动力学可能会受到经处理废水性质变化的影响。本文研究了各种 NB 注入对二级处理废水（STWW）余氯衰变的影响。本文还概述了为表示这些影响而开发的经验方程。结果表明，处理过的废水中每种类型的 NB 都有不同的初始氯浓度。结果表明，在利用 NB 注入 STWW 时，对减少所需氯量和降低氯衰减率有明显影响。因此，在处理过的废水中注入 NB 后，余氯会保持更长的时间，并能抑制微生物的生长。此外，二级处理废水中的 NB 还能减少氯的用量，降低废水消毒成本。
{"title":"Relationship between chlorine decay and nanobubble application in secondary treated wastewater","authors":"Ahmed Khaled Abdella Ahmed, Moussa Shalaby, Osama Negim, T. Abdel-Wahed","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.205","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 There has been numerous research on the uses of treated wastewater that needs chlorine disinfection, but none have looked at the impacts of injecting nanobubbles (NBs) on the decomposition of residual chlorine. Gas NB injection in treated wastewater improves its properties. The kinetics of disinfectant decay could be impacted by changes in treated wastewater properties. This paper studies the effect of various NB injections on the residual chlorine decay of secondary treated wastewater (STWW). It also outlines the empirical equations that were developed to represent these impacts. The results show that each type of NBs in treated wastewater had a distinct initial chlorine concentration. The outcomes demonstrated a clear impact on the decrease of the needed chlorine quantity and the reduction of chlorine decay rate when utilizing NB injection for the STWW. As a result, the residual chlorine will remain for a longer time and will resist any microbiological growth under the application of NBs on treated wastewater. Moreover, NBs in secondary treated effluent reduce chlorine usage, lowering wastewater disinfection costs.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"40 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141344455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are many factors to consider when designing a sewerage pumping station (SPS), such as sizing the system, pump type, cooperation between pumps, SPS elevation, wastewater discharge location, system venting, correct number of inflows into the pumping station (PS) reservoir, and chemical resistance of the installations. In this study, we developed a multi-criteria-decision-making (MCDM) fuzzy AHP–VIKOR method with the aim to contribute to the improvement and development of MCDM methods. By combining and improving the existing AHP and VIKOR methods with the application of fuzzy logic theory, a novel fuzzy AHP–VIKOR method is for easier and clearer obtaining of optimal solutions. The new method was applied to obtain the findings in the analysis of four complex design solutions for canalisation, treatment, and pumping of atmospheric wastewater in the SPS in Makiš, an urban neighbourhood of Belgrade in Serbia. The analysis was carried out in relation to the stability of the solution by way of considering the use of different methods of MCDM optimisation, while taking into account ways of channelling, treatment, and evacuation of wastewater.
{"title":"Project management using the developed AHP–VIKOR method with the fuzzy approach","authors":"I. Milojkovic, Natasa Prascevic","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.204","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 There are many factors to consider when designing a sewerage pumping station (SPS), such as sizing the system, pump type, cooperation between pumps, SPS elevation, wastewater discharge location, system venting, correct number of inflows into the pumping station (PS) reservoir, and chemical resistance of the installations. In this study, we developed a multi-criteria-decision-making (MCDM) fuzzy AHP–VIKOR method with the aim to contribute to the improvement and development of MCDM methods. By combining and improving the existing AHP and VIKOR methods with the application of fuzzy logic theory, a novel fuzzy AHP–VIKOR method is for easier and clearer obtaining of optimal solutions. The new method was applied to obtain the findings in the analysis of four complex design solutions for canalisation, treatment, and pumping of atmospheric wastewater in the SPS in Makiš, an urban neighbourhood of Belgrade in Serbia. The analysis was carried out in relation to the stability of the solution by way of considering the use of different methods of MCDM optimisation, while taking into account ways of channelling, treatment, and evacuation of wastewater.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"65 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141338412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maedeh Esmaeili-khoshmardan, Hossein Dabiri, Mohammad Rafiee, Akbar Eslami, A. Yazdanbakhsh, Fatemeh Amereh, Mahsa Jahangiri-rad, Ali Hashemi
Drug resistance has become a matter of great concern, with many bacteria now resisting multiple antibiotics. This study depicts the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and resistance patterns in five full-scale hospital wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Samples of raw influent wastewater, as well as pre- and post-disinfected effluents, were monitored for targeted ARB and resistance genes in September 2022 and February 2023. Shifts in resistance profiles of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii antimicrobial-resistant indicators in the treated effluent compared to that in the raw wastewater were also worked out. Ceftazidime (6.78 × 105 CFU/mL) and cefotaxime (6.14 × 105 CFU/mL) resistant species showed the highest concentrations followed by ciprofloxacin (6.29 × 104 CFU/mL), and gentamicin (4.88 × 104 CFU/mL), in raw influent respectively. WWTP-D employing a combination of biological treatment and coagulation/clarification for wastewater decontamination showed promising results for reducing ARB emissions from wastewater. Relationships between treated effluent quality parameters and ARB loadings showed that high BOD5 and nitrate levels were possibly contributing to the persistence and/or selection of ARBs in WWTPs. Furthermore, antimicrobial susceptibility tests of targeted species revealed dynamic shifts in resistance profiles through treatment processes, highlighting the potential for ARB and ARGs in hospital wastewater to persist or amplify during treatment.
{"title":"Dynamics of antimicrobial resistance and susceptibility profile in full-scale hospital wastewater treatment plants","authors":"Maedeh Esmaeili-khoshmardan, Hossein Dabiri, Mohammad Rafiee, Akbar Eslami, A. Yazdanbakhsh, Fatemeh Amereh, Mahsa Jahangiri-rad, Ali Hashemi","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.201","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Drug resistance has become a matter of great concern, with many bacteria now resisting multiple antibiotics. This study depicts the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and resistance patterns in five full-scale hospital wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Samples of raw influent wastewater, as well as pre- and post-disinfected effluents, were monitored for targeted ARB and resistance genes in September 2022 and February 2023. Shifts in resistance profiles of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii antimicrobial-resistant indicators in the treated effluent compared to that in the raw wastewater were also worked out. Ceftazidime (6.78 × 105 CFU/mL) and cefotaxime (6.14 × 105 CFU/mL) resistant species showed the highest concentrations followed by ciprofloxacin (6.29 × 104 CFU/mL), and gentamicin (4.88 × 104 CFU/mL), in raw influent respectively. WWTP-D employing a combination of biological treatment and coagulation/clarification for wastewater decontamination showed promising results for reducing ARB emissions from wastewater. Relationships between treated effluent quality parameters and ARB loadings showed that high BOD5 and nitrate levels were possibly contributing to the persistence and/or selection of ARBs in WWTPs. Furthermore, antimicrobial susceptibility tests of targeted species revealed dynamic shifts in resistance profiles through treatment processes, highlighting the potential for ARB and ARGs in hospital wastewater to persist or amplify during treatment.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"37 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a valuable disease surveillance tool. However, little is known on how factors such as transportation, storage, and wastewater characteristics influence the accuracy of the quantification methods. Hence, this study investigated the impact of storage temperatures and physicochemical characteristics of wastewater on SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A stability using droplet digital PCR. Additionally, strategies to enhance viral recovery were explored. Municipal influent wastewater stored between ±25 and −80 °C was assessed for a period of 84 days to determine viral degradation. Degradation up to 94.1% of influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 was observed in all samples with the highest at ±25 °C. Viral degradation was correlated to the changes in wastewater physicochemical characteristics. The low degradation observed of SARS-CoV-2 in the spiked pellets were indicative of viral adhesion to wastewater solids, which correlated with changes in pH. Ultrasonication frequencies ranging from 4 to 16 kHz, increased SARS-CoV-2 concentrations in the supernatant between 3.30 and 35.65%, indicating viral RNA attachment to wastewater solids. These results highlight the importance of additional pre-treatment methods for maximizing RNA recovery from wastewater samples. Based on these findings, it was deduced that wastewater preservation studies are essential, and pre-treatment should be included in the WBE methodology.
{"title":"Evaluating storage conditions and enhancement strategies on viral biomarker recovery for WBE applications","authors":"Sueyanka Subroyen, L. Pillay, F. Bux, S. Kumari","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.203","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a valuable disease surveillance tool. However, little is known on how factors such as transportation, storage, and wastewater characteristics influence the accuracy of the quantification methods. Hence, this study investigated the impact of storage temperatures and physicochemical characteristics of wastewater on SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A stability using droplet digital PCR. Additionally, strategies to enhance viral recovery were explored. Municipal influent wastewater stored between ±25 and −80 °C was assessed for a period of 84 days to determine viral degradation. Degradation up to 94.1% of influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 was observed in all samples with the highest at ±25 °C. Viral degradation was correlated to the changes in wastewater physicochemical characteristics. The low degradation observed of SARS-CoV-2 in the spiked pellets were indicative of viral adhesion to wastewater solids, which correlated with changes in pH. Ultrasonication frequencies ranging from 4 to 16 kHz, increased SARS-CoV-2 concentrations in the supernatant between 3.30 and 35.65%, indicating viral RNA attachment to wastewater solids. These results highlight the importance of additional pre-treatment methods for maximizing RNA recovery from wastewater samples. Based on these findings, it was deduced that wastewater preservation studies are essential, and pre-treatment should be included in the WBE methodology.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"29 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kabirzad, B. M. Rehan, Z. Zulkafli, B. Yusuf, B. Hasan-Basri, M. E. Toriman
Investment to reduce flood risk for social and economic wellbeing requires quantitative evidence to guide decisions. Direct and indirect flood damages at individual household and business building levels were assessed in this study using multivariate analysis with three groups of flood damage attributes, i.e., flood characteristics, socioeconomic conditions, and building types. A total of 172 and 45 respondents from residential and commercial buildings were gathered through door-to-door interviews at areas in Peninsular Malaysia that were pre-identified to have frequently flooded. Two main findings can be drawn from this study. First, flood damage is greatly contributed by high-income households and businesses, despite them being less exposed to floods than low-income earners. This supports the current use of mean economic damage in engineering-based flood intervention analysis. Second, indirect damages increase with the increase in family size, indicating the importance of strengthening preparedness and social support to those with great social responsibility. Overall, the study highlights the importance of holistic flood management.
{"title":"Examining direct and indirect flood damages in residential and business sectors through an empirical lens","authors":"S. Kabirzad, B. M. Rehan, Z. Zulkafli, B. Yusuf, B. Hasan-Basri, M. E. Toriman","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.202","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Investment to reduce flood risk for social and economic wellbeing requires quantitative evidence to guide decisions. Direct and indirect flood damages at individual household and business building levels were assessed in this study using multivariate analysis with three groups of flood damage attributes, i.e., flood characteristics, socioeconomic conditions, and building types. A total of 172 and 45 respondents from residential and commercial buildings were gathered through door-to-door interviews at areas in Peninsular Malaysia that were pre-identified to have frequently flooded. Two main findings can be drawn from this study. First, flood damage is greatly contributed by high-income households and businesses, despite them being less exposed to floods than low-income earners. This supports the current use of mean economic damage in engineering-based flood intervention analysis. Second, indirect damages increase with the increase in family size, indicating the importance of strengthening preparedness and social support to those with great social responsibility. Overall, the study highlights the importance of holistic flood management.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"56 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. L. Madaleno, Camila Carla Guimarães, Nádia Figueiredo De Paula, Josiane Rocha Teixeira
The demand for new products derived from agro-industrial residues has increased recently. Furthermore, vinasse, a wastewater from ethanol production, needs treatment to be reused in the sugarcane industry, reducing industrial water consumption. This study performed vinasse filtration with charcoal from industrial sugarcane residues and used the filtered molasses dilution in ethanol fermentation. There were five treatments in randomized blocks with three repetitions. The treatments were deionized water and natural vinasse as positive and negative controls, respectively, and filtered vinasse from charcoal made from bamboo, sugarcane bagasse, and straw. Hence, fermentation for ethanol production was performed. The filtered vinasse with all types of charcoals showed lower soluble solids, total residual reducing sugar, higher ethanol concentration, and fermentative efficiency compared to in-nature vinasse in the wine. Filtered vinasse from bagasse and straw charcoals shows 81.14 and 77.98% efficiency in ethanol production, respectively, close to deionized water (81.49%). For an industrial proposal, vinasse filtration may occur in a continuum process with recovery of charcoal by regeneration. Charcoal renewal should increase porosity for subsequent vinasse filtration. The process is feasible to apply using a product of sugarcane residue to treat wastewater and reduce industrial water consumption and vinasse disposal.
{"title":"Vinasse treated with charcoal as a molasses diluent for ethanol fermentation","authors":"L. L. Madaleno, Camila Carla Guimarães, Nádia Figueiredo De Paula, Josiane Rocha Teixeira","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.200","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The demand for new products derived from agro-industrial residues has increased recently. Furthermore, vinasse, a wastewater from ethanol production, needs treatment to be reused in the sugarcane industry, reducing industrial water consumption. This study performed vinasse filtration with charcoal from industrial sugarcane residues and used the filtered molasses dilution in ethanol fermentation. There were five treatments in randomized blocks with three repetitions. The treatments were deionized water and natural vinasse as positive and negative controls, respectively, and filtered vinasse from charcoal made from bamboo, sugarcane bagasse, and straw. Hence, fermentation for ethanol production was performed. The filtered vinasse with all types of charcoals showed lower soluble solids, total residual reducing sugar, higher ethanol concentration, and fermentative efficiency compared to in-nature vinasse in the wine. Filtered vinasse from bagasse and straw charcoals shows 81.14 and 77.98% efficiency in ethanol production, respectively, close to deionized water (81.49%). For an industrial proposal, vinasse filtration may occur in a continuum process with recovery of charcoal by regeneration. Charcoal renewal should increase porosity for subsequent vinasse filtration. The process is feasible to apply using a product of sugarcane residue to treat wastewater and reduce industrial water consumption and vinasse disposal.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Niniedna Niedja Gomes Amaro, Kepler Borges França, Osmar Batista de Souza Neto, Wellerson da Silva Cruz, Morgana de Vasconcellos Araújo
Rapid population growth intensifies water scarcity, highlighting the importance of treatment technologies such as reverse osmosis and membrane filtration to ensure safe drinking water and preserve resources. The use of polystyrene as a filter for polluted water is valuable due to its porous surface, efficiently retaining impurities. The system, a tubular reactor with a mixed polystyrene bed, underwent evaluations with varying particle sizes, flow rates and times, operating in dead-end mode and series system without recirculation with theoretical residence times between 180 and 360 min. The study, divided into two phases, optimized the system in the first phase, characterizing the filter bed and carrying out maintenance for 360 min at 0.5 L/min. Phase two evaluated the performance of the reactor in treating wastewater with flow rates of 0.5 and 1 L/min for 180 min. Under the best conditions of Phase I, 55% of Escherichia coli and turbidity were deactivated, not meeting potability standards. In Phase II, there was efficiency in the removal of several parameters, such as chemical oxygen demand (78.26%), total phosphorus (75%), nitrate (73.42%), ammonia (73.13%), nitrite (69.33%), potassium (70.83%), and sodium (68.75%). In addition, 98.32% of E. coli was deactivated, meeting CONAMA Class 2 and 3 irrigation standards.
{"title":"Polystyrene composite system: an alternative for wastewater treatment","authors":"Niniedna Niedja Gomes Amaro, Kepler Borges França, Osmar Batista de Souza Neto, Wellerson da Silva Cruz, Morgana de Vasconcellos Araújo","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.198","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Rapid population growth intensifies water scarcity, highlighting the importance of treatment technologies such as reverse osmosis and membrane filtration to ensure safe drinking water and preserve resources. The use of polystyrene as a filter for polluted water is valuable due to its porous surface, efficiently retaining impurities. The system, a tubular reactor with a mixed polystyrene bed, underwent evaluations with varying particle sizes, flow rates and times, operating in dead-end mode and series system without recirculation with theoretical residence times between 180 and 360 min. The study, divided into two phases, optimized the system in the first phase, characterizing the filter bed and carrying out maintenance for 360 min at 0.5 L/min. Phase two evaluated the performance of the reactor in treating wastewater with flow rates of 0.5 and 1 L/min for 180 min. Under the best conditions of Phase I, 55% of Escherichia coli and turbidity were deactivated, not meeting potability standards. In Phase II, there was efficiency in the removal of several parameters, such as chemical oxygen demand (78.26%), total phosphorus (75%), nitrate (73.42%), ammonia (73.13%), nitrite (69.33%), potassium (70.83%), and sodium (68.75%). In addition, 98.32% of E. coli was deactivated, meeting CONAMA Class 2 and 3 irrigation standards.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siyao Pei, Xiaodan Fan, Chunsheng Qiu, Nannan Liu, Fei Li, Jiakang Li, Li Qi, Shaopo Wang
This study assessed the effects of the addition of biochar prepared at 700 °C with different dosages on the anaerobic digestion of food waste. The biochar addition at a concentration of 10.0 g/L increased the cumulative methane yield by 128%, and daily methane production was also significantly promoted. The addition of biochar derived from poplar sawdust significantly increased the relative abundance of dominant bacteria for anaerobic digestion by 85.54–2530% and promoted the degradation of refractory organic matter and the transfer of materials between the hydrolysis and acid production stages. Further analysis has demonstrated that Bathyarchaeia and hydrogenotrophic methanogens were enriched by the biochar addition. Meanwhile, the relative abundances of functional genes, including C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism, were increased by 11.38–26.27%. The relative abundances of genes related to major amino acid metabolism, including histidine metabolism, lysine biosynthesis, and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, were increased by 11.96–15.71%. Furthermore, the relative abundances of genes involved in major replication and repair were increased by 14.76–22.76%, and the major folding, sorting, degradation, and translation were increased by 14.47–19.95%, respectively. The relative abundances of genes related to major membrane transport and cell motility were increased by 10.02 and 83.09%, respectively.
{"title":"Effect of biochar addition on the anaerobic digestion of food waste: microbial community structure and methanogenic pathways","authors":"Siyao Pei, Xiaodan Fan, Chunsheng Qiu, Nannan Liu, Fei Li, Jiakang Li, Li Qi, Shaopo Wang","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.199","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 This study assessed the effects of the addition of biochar prepared at 700 °C with different dosages on the anaerobic digestion of food waste. The biochar addition at a concentration of 10.0 g/L increased the cumulative methane yield by 128%, and daily methane production was also significantly promoted. The addition of biochar derived from poplar sawdust significantly increased the relative abundance of dominant bacteria for anaerobic digestion by 85.54–2530% and promoted the degradation of refractory organic matter and the transfer of materials between the hydrolysis and acid production stages. Further analysis has demonstrated that Bathyarchaeia and hydrogenotrophic methanogens were enriched by the biochar addition. Meanwhile, the relative abundances of functional genes, including C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism, were increased by 11.38–26.27%. The relative abundances of genes related to major amino acid metabolism, including histidine metabolism, lysine biosynthesis, and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, were increased by 11.96–15.71%. Furthermore, the relative abundances of genes involved in major replication and repair were increased by 14.76–22.76%, and the major folding, sorting, degradation, and translation were increased by 14.47–19.95%, respectively. The relative abundances of genes related to major membrane transport and cell motility were increased by 10.02 and 83.09%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Model parameter estimation is a well-known inverse problem, as long as single-value point data are available as observations of system performance measurement. However, classical statistical methods, such as the minimization of an objective function or maximum likelihood, are no longer straightforward, when measurements are imprecise in nature. Typical examples of the latter include censored data and binary information. Here, we explore Approximate Bayesian Computation as a simple method to perform model parameter estimation with such imprecise information. We demonstrate the method for the example of a plain rainfall–runoff model and illustrate the advantages and shortcomings. Last, we outline the value of Shapley values to determine which type of observation contributes to the parameter estimation and which are of minor importance.
{"title":"Model parameter estimation with imprecise information","authors":"Wolfgang Rauch, Nikolaus Rauch, M. Kleidorfer","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.197","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Model parameter estimation is a well-known inverse problem, as long as single-value point data are available as observations of system performance measurement. However, classical statistical methods, such as the minimization of an objective function or maximum likelihood, are no longer straightforward, when measurements are imprecise in nature. Typical examples of the latter include censored data and binary information. Here, we explore Approximate Bayesian Computation as a simple method to perform model parameter estimation with such imprecise information. We demonstrate the method for the example of a plain rainfall–runoff model and illustrate the advantages and shortcomings. Last, we outline the value of Shapley values to determine which type of observation contributes to the parameter estimation and which are of minor importance.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141360015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuo Xu, Hongyan Wei, Xuejiao Li, Lizhu Chen, Tiehong Song
In this study, a potassium pertechnetate-modified biochar (Fe–BC) was prepared and characterized. Afterwards, Fe–BC was applied to activated periodate (PI) to degrade tetracycline (TC), an antibiotic widely used in animal farming. The degradation effects of different systems on TC were compared and the influencing factors were investigated. In addition, several reactive oxide species (ROS) generated by the Fe–BC/PI system were identified, and TC degradation pathways were analyzed. Moreover, the reuse performance of Fe–BC was evaluated. The results exhibited that the Fe–BC/PI system could remove almost 100% of TC under optimal conditions of [BC] = 1.09 g/L, initial [PI] = 3.29 g/L, and initial [TC] = 20.3 mg/L. Cl−, HCO3−, NO3−, and humic acid inhibited TC degradation to varying degrees in the Fe–BC/PI system due to their quenching effects on ROS. TC was degraded into intermediates and even water and carbon dioxide by the synergistic effect of ROS generated and Fe on the BC surface. Fe–BC was reused four times, and the removal rate of TC was still maintained above 80%, indicating the stable nature of Fe–BC.
{"title":"Treatment of tetracycline in an aqueous solution with an iron–biochar/periodate system: Influencing factors and mechanisms","authors":"Shuo Xu, Hongyan Wei, Xuejiao Li, Lizhu Chen, Tiehong Song","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.196","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 In this study, a potassium pertechnetate-modified biochar (Fe–BC) was prepared and characterized. Afterwards, Fe–BC was applied to activated periodate (PI) to degrade tetracycline (TC), an antibiotic widely used in animal farming. The degradation effects of different systems on TC were compared and the influencing factors were investigated. In addition, several reactive oxide species (ROS) generated by the Fe–BC/PI system were identified, and TC degradation pathways were analyzed. Moreover, the reuse performance of Fe–BC was evaluated. The results exhibited that the Fe–BC/PI system could remove almost 100% of TC under optimal conditions of [BC] = 1.09 g/L, initial [PI] = 3.29 g/L, and initial [TC] = 20.3 mg/L. Cl−, HCO3−, NO3−, and humic acid inhibited TC degradation to varying degrees in the Fe–BC/PI system due to their quenching effects on ROS. TC was degraded into intermediates and even water and carbon dioxide by the synergistic effect of ROS generated and Fe on the BC surface. Fe–BC was reused four times, and the removal rate of TC was still maintained above 80%, indicating the stable nature of Fe–BC.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141366573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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