印度东北部一家三级医院儿科重症监护室的微生物概况和抗菌药敏感性模式

Partha Pratim Das, Chandra Jyoti Bora, Rashmi Ahmed, Hema Bahety
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摘要

:儿科重症监护病房(PICU)中常见的医疗相关感染包括呼吸道感染和血流感染。监测不同病原体的流行率和抗菌药敏感性对于正确处理重症监护病房感染非常必要。 本研究旨在确定重症监护病房住院患者感染的微生物概况及其抗菌药敏感性模式:这项横断面研究涉及 19 个月期间入住 PICU 的所有儿科患者。标本包括血液培养物、尿液和气管抽吸物,均送去进行培养和药敏试验,观察结果并记录其抗生素敏感性模式。 在总共 372 名患者中,有 72 人(19.35%)被发现培养呈阳性。与血液(14.29%)和尿液(14.21%)相比,气管吸出物的分离率非常高(82.14%)。革兰氏阴性杆菌(76.3%)是最常见的病原体组别,菌种(19.4%)最常见(30.5%),菌种(13.8%)是最常见的革兰氏阳性分离菌,其次是耐甲氧西林菌(MRSA)(6.94%)。在革兰氏阴性分离菌中,对替加环素和美罗培南的敏感性较高,而对革兰氏阳性球菌最敏感的是利奈唑胺和万古霉素:革兰氏阴性菌是最主要的病原体,主要是菌种,而革兰氏阳性菌中最常见的是菌种。分离菌株对常用抗菌药--头孢菌素类和氟喹诺酮类等表现出多重耐药性。
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Microbial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in paediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital, North East India
: Health care associated infections commonly encountered in paediatric intensive care units (PICU) are respiratory tract infections, and bloodstream infections. Monitoring of prevalence rates and antimicrobial susceptibility of different pathogens is necessary for proper management of PICU infections. : This study aimed to determine the microbial profile causing infections in patients admitted to PICU and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.: A cross sectional study was conducted involving all paediatric patients admitted in PICU during a 19 months period. Specimen viz. blood culture, urine, and tracheal aspirate were sent for culture and sensitivity and results were observed and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern was noted. : Out of total 372 patients, 72 (19.35%) were found culture positive. The isolation rate was very high in tracheal aspirates (82.14%) as compared to blood (14.29%) and urine (14.21%). Gram negative bacilli (76.3%) were the most common pathogen group isolated, (30.5%) commonest followed by species (19.4%). species (13.8%) was the most common gram positive isolate followed by Methicillin resistant (MRSA) (6.94%). Higher susceptibility was observed to Tigecycline & Meropenem among gram negative isolates while Linezolid and Vancomycin were most susceptible to gram positive cocci.: Gram negative bacteria were the predominant pathogens mostly species while species were the most common among Gram positive bacteria. Isolates showed multiple drug resistance to commonly used antimicrobials- Cephalosporins and Fluoroquinolones etc.
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