Advances in CRISPR-based technologies for genome editing in microorganisms

CRISPR-based technologies have revolutionized the field of molecular biology by providing an unprecedented level of accuracy and efficiency in genome editing. CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) is a revolutionary gene-editing technology that allows precise modification of DNA in living organisms. It utilizes a guiding RNA molecule to target specific genes, enabling both gene knockout and insertion. CRISPR technology holds immense potential for applications in medicine, agriculture, and various scientific fields. This comprehensive review delves into the recent advancements made in CRISPR-based genome editing techniques, with a particular focus on their customized implementation for microorganisms. Starting with an examination of the history of CRISPR, the paper offers a detailed understanding of the major breakthroughs, complex challenges, and the wide range of potential applications associated with manipulating the genetic composition of bacteria, fungi, and other microbial entities.