{"title":"超低频电场测量中雷德贝格原子的斯塔克效应理论研究","authors":"Hongtian Song, Yong Xiao, Shanshan Hu, Dongping Xiao, BaoShuai Wang, Zhuxin Shi, Huaiqing Zhang","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12149","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Super low frequency electric field measurements are crucial in analysing electromagnetic compatibility, assessing equipment status, and other related fields. Rydberg atom-based super low frequency electric field measurements are performed by observing the Stark shift in the spectrum of the Rydberg state. In a specific range of field strength (<i>E</i> < <i>E</i><sub>avoid</sub>, where <i>E</i><sub>avoid</sub> is the threshold to avoid crossing electric fields), the Rydberg atomic spectrum experiences a quadratic frequency shift in relation to the field strength, with the coefficient being determined by the atomic polarisability <i>α</i>. The authors establish a dynamic equation for the interaction between the external electric field and the atomic system, and present the Stark structure diagram of the Caesium Rydberg atom. The mathematical formulae for <i>α</i> and <i>E</i><sub>avoid</sub> in different Rydberg states are also obtained: <i>α</i> = A × (<i>n</i>*)<sup>6</sup> + B × (<i>n</i>*)<sup>7</sup> and <i>E</i><sub>avoid</sub> = C/(<i>n</i>*)<sup>5</sup> + D/(<i>n</i>*)<sup>7</sup>, where A(B) = 2.2503 × 10<sup>−9</sup>(7.49,948 × 10<sup>−11</sup>) and C(<i>D</i>) = 1.68,868 × 10<sup>8</sup>(2.45,991 × 10<sup>9</sup>). The error of <i>α</i> and <i>E</i><sub>avoid</sub> compared with the experimental values does not exceed 8% and is even lower in the low Rydberg states. Accurately calculating the values of <i>α</i> and <i>E</i><sub>avoid</sub> is crucial in incorporating the Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect into super low frequency electric field measurements in new power systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"6 2","pages":"174-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12149","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Theoretical study on Stark effect of Rydberg atom in super low frequency electric field measurement\",\"authors\":\"Hongtian Song, Yong Xiao, Shanshan Hu, Dongping Xiao, BaoShuai Wang, Zhuxin Shi, Huaiqing Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1049/esi2.12149\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Super low frequency electric field measurements are crucial in analysing electromagnetic compatibility, assessing equipment status, and other related fields. Rydberg atom-based super low frequency electric field measurements are performed by observing the Stark shift in the spectrum of the Rydberg state. In a specific range of field strength (<i>E</i> < <i>E</i><sub>avoid</sub>, where <i>E</i><sub>avoid</sub> is the threshold to avoid crossing electric fields), the Rydberg atomic spectrum experiences a quadratic frequency shift in relation to the field strength, with the coefficient being determined by the atomic polarisability <i>α</i>. The authors establish a dynamic equation for the interaction between the external electric field and the atomic system, and present the Stark structure diagram of the Caesium Rydberg atom. The mathematical formulae for <i>α</i> and <i>E</i><sub>avoid</sub> in different Rydberg states are also obtained: <i>α</i> = A × (<i>n</i>*)<sup>6</sup> + B × (<i>n</i>*)<sup>7</sup> and <i>E</i><sub>avoid</sub> = C/(<i>n</i>*)<sup>5</sup> + D/(<i>n</i>*)<sup>7</sup>, where A(B) = 2.2503 × 10<sup>−9</sup>(7.49,948 × 10<sup>−11</sup>) and C(<i>D</i>) = 1.68,868 × 10<sup>8</sup>(2.45,991 × 10<sup>9</sup>). The error of <i>α</i> and <i>E</i><sub>avoid</sub> compared with the experimental values does not exceed 8% and is even lower in the low Rydberg states. Accurately calculating the values of <i>α</i> and <i>E</i><sub>avoid</sub> is crucial in incorporating the Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect into super low frequency electric field measurements in new power systems.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":33288,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"IET Energy Systems Integration\",\"volume\":\"6 2\",\"pages\":\"174-181\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-04-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12149\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"IET Energy Systems Integration\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1049/esi2.12149\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"ENERGY & FUELS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IET Energy Systems Integration","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1049/esi2.12149","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENERGY & FUELS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Theoretical study on Stark effect of Rydberg atom in super low frequency electric field measurement
Super low frequency electric field measurements are crucial in analysing electromagnetic compatibility, assessing equipment status, and other related fields. Rydberg atom-based super low frequency electric field measurements are performed by observing the Stark shift in the spectrum of the Rydberg state. In a specific range of field strength (E < Eavoid, where Eavoid is the threshold to avoid crossing electric fields), the Rydberg atomic spectrum experiences a quadratic frequency shift in relation to the field strength, with the coefficient being determined by the atomic polarisability α. The authors establish a dynamic equation for the interaction between the external electric field and the atomic system, and present the Stark structure diagram of the Caesium Rydberg atom. The mathematical formulae for α and Eavoid in different Rydberg states are also obtained: α = A × (n*)6 + B × (n*)7 and Eavoid = C/(n*)5 + D/(n*)7, where A(B) = 2.2503 × 10−9(7.49,948 × 10−11) and C(D) = 1.68,868 × 108(2.45,991 × 109). The error of α and Eavoid compared with the experimental values does not exceed 8% and is even lower in the low Rydberg states. Accurately calculating the values of α and Eavoid is crucial in incorporating the Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect into super low frequency electric field measurements in new power systems.