驾驭德语口音偏见:儿童对第二语言口音而非第一语言地区口音的社会偏好

Adriana Hanulíková
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摘要

口语传递着有关说话者语言背景的丰富的社会语言信息。以往的研究表明,无论是单语儿童还是双语儿童,在做出社交决定时都会使用这些信息。与讲外语或第二语言的人相比,他们更喜欢口音或种类与自己相符的本地人。目前尚不清楚的是,接触不同语言社区如何影响儿童对非本地口音的偏好。本研究以连续量表的形式,考察了社会对地方口音和第二语言口音的偏好与先前接触不同口音和语言的关系。我们要求说德语的小学生(7-10 岁)在强迫选择任务中使用动画卡通人物选择贴纸。我们复制了所观察到的社会对本地口音的偏好。有趣的是,当当地口音缺失时,儿童的社交偏好是第二语言口音(美国口音)而不是第一语言的地方口音(巴伐利亚口音),尽管这两种口音对儿童来说同样易懂且相对陌生,这是由句子重复任务和地理分类任务决定的。儿童的选择无法用口音或双语接触的连续测量来解释。研究结果表明,各种因素之间存在着复杂的相互作用,并不局限于说话者的第一或第二语言地位。
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Navigating accent bias in German: children's social preferences for a second-language accent over a first-language regional accent
Spoken language conveys rich sociolinguistic information about a speaker's language background. Previous research indicates that both monolingual and bilingual children use this information when making social decisions. They prefer local speakers whose accent or variety matches their own over speakers of foreign languages or second-language speakers. What remains unclear is how exposure to diverse linguistic communities affects children's preferences for non-local accents. This study examines social preferences for a regional and a second-language accent as a function of prior exposure to diverse accents and languages, measured on a continuous scale. German-speaking primary-school children (aged 7–10) were asked to choose stickers in a forced-choice task using animated cartoon characters. We replicated the observed social preferences for one's local accent. Interestingly, when the local accent was absent, children socially preferred a second-language accent (American) over a first-language regional accent (Bavarian), even though both accents were equally intelligible and relatively unfamiliar to the children, as determined through a sentence repetition task and a geographical classification task. Children's choices were not explained by continuous measures of accent or bilingual exposure. The results suggest a complex interaction of various factors not limited to the speakers' first- or second-language status.
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