Method and Validation of Real‐Time Global Ionosphere Modeling Constraint by Multi‐Source GNSS/LEO Data

This study applies the zero‐differenced integer ambiguity method, named PPP‐Fixed, to extract real‐time ionospheric data and eliminate the latencies of rapid/final Global Ionosphere Maps (GIMs). The PPP‐Fixed method is also used to derive ionospheric data for post‐processed GIM generation, named SGG Post‐GIM, combined with low earth orbit satellite data. The obtained hardware delays are applied to revise real‐time ionospheric data. Meanwhile, the estimated multi‐source ionospheric model is regarded as historical data to estimate an ionospheric prediction model for constraint using the semi‐parameter model. Then, the Kalman filter is employed to estimate the parameters to generate real‐time GIM. Finally, the accuracy of estimated real‐time GIM, named SGG RT‐GIM, and SGG Post‐GIM is assessed. During the experimental period, the mean differences of SGG Post‐GIM and SGG RT‐GIM relative to GIMs provided by the international Global Navigation Satellite System service, named IGSG, are −0.46 and −0.57 Total Electron Content Unit (TECU), respectively. The corresponding Root Mean Square (RMS) values are 1.64 and 3.08 TECU. Over the test period, the mean positioning errors of the single‐frequency precise point positioning corrected by IGSG, SGG Post‐GIM, SGG RT‐GIM, and Klobuchar model are 0.14, 0.19, 0.21, and 0.25 m in the horizontal direction, respectively, while the corresponding errors are 0.36, 0.33, 0.38, and 0.64 m in the up direction. Further, the mean biases of experimental days for the self‐consistency assessment are 0.06, −0.01, and −0.07 TECU for IGSG, SGG Post‐GIM, and SGG RT‐GIM, respectively. The corresponding RMS values are 1.19, 1.15, and 1.57 TECU.