可卡因使用动机问卷(CUMQ)的心理测量特征

IF 0.5 4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Annales medico-psychologiques Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.1016/j.amp.2023.12.013
Camille Auriol , Margot Moulinas , Vera Walburg
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标在过去十年中,可卡因的使用呈上升趋势,尤其是在年轻人群中。可卡因是法国第二大最常使用的非法药物。在过去几年中,该国的可卡因消费量有所上升。观察到的消费增长引发了对其根本动机的质疑。本研究的目的是编制并验证一份调查问卷,以探究可卡因使用背后的动机。第一项研究有一千一百一十三人(n = 1113)参与,第二项研究有六百七十人(n = 670)参与。所有参与者都是目前或曾经的可卡因使用者。这些参与者填写了一份在线社会人口调查问卷,这是一份探索可卡因使用动机的建构问卷。该问卷是根据(Deci & Ryan, 1985)的自我决定理论和与使用者进行的 11 次半结构式访谈编制而成的。这些访谈的目的是探讨吸食可卡因的动机、预期收益和负面影响。根据文献和之前完成的访谈资料,编制了包含 31 个项目的第一版问卷。本研究遵守赫尔辛基伦理建议,并获得了研究伦理委员会的好评。数据是在自愿的基础上匿名收集的。结果在第一项研究中,有 574 名男性(51.6%)和 539 名女性(48.4%)参与。参与者的平均年龄为 25.0 岁(SD = 5.83),从 18 岁到 65 岁不等。第二项研究有 310 名男性(46.3%)和 360 名女性(53.7%)参加。参与者的平均年龄为 25.7 岁(标准差 = 4.23),从 18 岁到 48 岁不等。首先进行了探索性因素分析。第一次分析得出了一份 23 个项目的调查问卷,其中包含四个因素:愉快的感觉、社会压力和自我形象、缺乏动力以及好奇心和经验。心理测量指标相当令人满意,X2 (465) = 15951,巴特利特检验 P < 0.001,KMO(Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin)检验 P < 0.91。在研究的第二部分,确认性因素分析表明有三个因素和 21 个项目。心理测量指标显示,CFI(比较拟合指数)= 0.89,RMSEA(均方根近似误差)= 0.06,SRMR(标准化均方根残差)= 0.06。使用可卡因的三个主要因素是:愉快和积极的感觉、社会压力和自尊,以及无动机。结论 这项研究为编制有效问卷以探索和更好地了解可卡因使用者的动机奠定了基础,从而可以相应地调整预防和治疗措施。这份问卷也可用于今后有关可卡因使用的研究,研究重点是与可卡因使用相关的心理健康、家族史和生活创伤史。我们还可以考虑在被诊断为可卡因依赖的临床人群中重复这项研究,这样可能会发现更多的动机。
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Psychometric features of the Cocaine Use Motivation Questionnaire (CUMQ)

Objectives

Cocaine use has tended to increase over the past decade, particularly among younger populations. Cocaine is the second most commonly used illicit substance in France. Over the past few years, there has been an uptick in cocaine consumption in the country. The observed increase in consumption raises questions about the underlying motives. The goal of the present study is to construct and validate a questionnaire that explores the motivation behind cocaine use.

Materials and methods

This paper consists of two studies conducted on different data collections. In the first study, one thousand, one hundred and thirteen (n = 1113) individuals participated and six hundred and seventy (n = 670) individuals participated in the second study. All participants were current or former cocaine users. These participants completed an online sociodemographic questionnaire, a constructed questionnaire exploring motivations for cocaine use. This questionnaire was developed using the self-determination theory of (Deci & Ryan, 1985) and 11 semi-structured interviews with users. The purpose of these interviews was to explore the motivation for cocaine use, the expected benefits, and the negative consequences. From literature and the corpus of previously completed interviews, a first version of the questionnaire with 31 items was produced. The research respects the ethical recommendations of Helsinki and has received a favorable opinion from the research ethics committee. The data was collected anonymously and on a voluntary basis.

Results

In the first study, 574 (51.6%) men and 539 (48.4%) women participated. The mean age of the participants was 25.0 years (SD = 5.83) ranging from 18 to 65 years old. In the second study 310 (46.3%) men and 360 (53.7%) women participated. The mean age of the participants was 25.7 years (SD = 4.23) ranging from 18 to 48 years old. Initially, an exploratory factor analysis was carried out. This first analysis resulted in a 23-item questionnaire with a four-factor solution: pleasant sensations, social pressure and self-image, absence of motivation, and curiosity and experience. The psychometric indicators were quite satisfactory with X2 (465) = 15951, P < 0.001 for the Bartlett test and 0.91 for the KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) test. In the second part of the research, the confirmatory factor analysis indicated a solution with three factors and 21 items. Psychometric indicators showed CFI (Comparative Fit Index) = 0.89, RMSEA (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation) = 0.06 and SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual) = 0.06. The three main factors for cocaine use were: pleasant and positive sensations, social pressure and self-esteem, and amotivation.

Conclusions

This study laid the groundwork for the development of a valid questionnaire to explore and better understand the cocaine users’ motivations, thereby enabling preventive and therapeutic measures to be adjusted accordingly. This questionnaire can also be used for future research on cocaine use, which is focused on mental health as well as family history and history of traumatic life events, as associated with cocaine use. We may also consider replicating this study on a clinical population with a cocaine-dependency diagnosis, potentially revealing additional motivations.

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来源期刊
Annales medico-psychologiques
Annales medico-psychologiques 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
33.30%
发文量
196
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Annales Médico-Psychologiques is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering the field of psychiatry. Articles are published in French or in English. The journal was established in 1843 and is published by Elsevier on behalf of the Société Médico-Psychologique. The journal publishes 10 times a year original articles covering biological, genetic, psychological, forensic and cultural issues relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness, as well as peer reviewed articles that have been presented and discussed during meetings of the Société Médico-Psychologique.To report on the major currents of thought of contemporary psychiatry, and to publish clinical and biological research of international standard, these are the aims of the Annales Médico-Psychologiques.
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