母乳低聚糖与婴儿呼吸道合胞病毒感染。

IF 8 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Advances in Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI:10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100218
Karina M Tonon, Somchai Chutipongtanate, Ardythe L Morrow, David S Newburg
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在全世界的婴儿中,呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)是包括支气管炎在内的下呼吸道感染的主要病因,也是婴儿死亡的主要原因。支气管炎是最常见的下呼吸道感染,也是婴儿出生后 6 个月内住院治疗的主要原因。婴儿对 RSV 感染的反应多种多样,症状从无症状或轻微到严重到需要机械通气不等。母乳喂养的婴儿发生 RSV 下呼吸道感染的几率较低,病情也较轻。在众多母乳生物活性化合物中,母乳低聚糖(hMOS)是对 RSV 具有保护作用的有力候选物质。除了这种直接作用外,还有人提出间接机制,特别是肠道微生物群的组成和新陈代谢,来介导 hMOS 的保护作用。研究表明,摄入含有合成 hMOS 的婴儿配方奶粉可增加婴儿粪便中双歧杆菌的数量及其代谢产物(尤其是醋酸盐)的数量,并减少婴儿出生后第一年内的下呼吸道感染。母乳喂养和使用 hMOS 是预防和治疗 RSV 疾病的有效方法。在此,我们回顾了目前有关 hMOS 在 RSV 感染和疾病方面的作用的证据,并指出了知识差距和未来的研究方向。
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Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Infants

In infants worldwide, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory infections, including bronchiolitis, which is a major source of infant mortality. Bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory infection and the major cause of hospitalization in the first 6 mo of life. Infant responses to RSV infection are highly diverse, with symptoms varying from asymptomatic or mild to so severe as to require mechanical ventilation. Breastfed infants present a lower incidence and less severe forms of RSV lower respiratory infections. Among the multitude of human milk bioactive compounds, human milk oligosaccharides (hMOSs) are strong candidates for having a protective effect against RSV. hMOS reduces the viral load and the inflammatory signaling in cultured RSV-infected respiratory human cells. In addition to this direct effect, indirect mechanisms, notably gut microbiota composition and metabolism, have been proposed to mediate the protective effect of hMOS. Intake of infant formula containing synthetic hMOS has been shown to increase Bifidobacterium abundance and that of its metabolites, especially acetate, in infant feces and to reduce lower respiratory tract infections during the first year of life. Breastfeeding and the use of hMOS are promising approaches to protect against and treat RSV disease. Here, we review current evidence on the role of hMOS with regard to RSV infection and disease, attending to knowledge gaps and future research directions.

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来源期刊
Advances in Nutrition
Advances in Nutrition 医学-营养学
CiteScore
17.40
自引率
2.20%
发文量
117
审稿时长
56 days
期刊介绍: Advances in Nutrition (AN/Adv Nutr) publishes focused reviews on pivotal findings and recent research across all domains relevant to nutritional scientists and biomedical researchers. This encompasses nutrition-related research spanning biochemical, molecular, and genetic studies using experimental animal models, domestic animals, and human subjects. The journal also emphasizes clinical nutrition, epidemiology and public health, and nutrition education. Review articles concentrate on recent progress rather than broad historical developments. In addition to review articles, AN includes Perspectives, Letters to the Editor, and supplements. Supplement proposals require pre-approval by the editor before submission. The journal features reports and position papers from the American Society for Nutrition, summaries of major government and foundation reports, and Nutrient Information briefs providing crucial details about dietary requirements, food sources, deficiencies, and other essential nutrient information. All submissions with scientific content undergo peer review by the Editors or their designees prior to acceptance for publication.
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