Pedro Mondaca , Juan L. Celis-Diez , Pablo Díaz-Siefer , Natalia Olmos-Moya , Fernanda Montero-Silva , Sofía Molina , Francisco E. Fontúrbel , Humberto Aponte , Dinka Mandakovic , Brynelly Bastidas , Eduardo C. Arellano , Blas Lavandero , Marcela Carvajal , Aurora Gaxiola
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We analysed 924 results of relative abundance of bacteria or fungi (using 16 S and ITS rRNA amplicon sequencing, respectively) at the Family taxonomic level obtained from 46 articles. We found higher soil bacterial richness and higher abundance of copiotrophic bacteria under sustainable agricultural practices. Organic fertilisation promoted the abundance of bacteria involved in C and N cycling, while conservation tillage decreased those involved in the decomposition of plant residue. While sustainable agricultural practices had a minor effect on the overall fungal structure, they led to increases in symbiotic fungi abundance (e.g., Geoglossaceae). Additionally, we observed a slight increase in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a slight reduction in pathogenic fungi associated with plant disease (e.g., Botryosphaeriaceae). Higher soil microbial taxonomic diversity did not lead to increased soil multifunctionality; however, it could safeguard resilience for soil functions via the diversity insurance effect. This study establishes that sustainable agricultural practices can significantly influence microbial communities, leading to compositional and structural changes, as well as promoting relevant functions for agroecosystems. Altogether, these results highlight the importance of integrating concepts of community ecology into agricultural management practices for reaching sustainable agricultural systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effects of sustainable agricultural practices on soil microbial diversity, composition, and functions\",\"authors\":\"Pedro Mondaca , Juan L. Celis-Diez , Pablo Díaz-Siefer , Natalia Olmos-Moya , Fernanda Montero-Silva , Sofía Molina , Francisco E. Fontúrbel , Humberto Aponte , Dinka Mandakovic , Brynelly Bastidas , Eduardo C. 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We found higher soil bacterial richness and higher abundance of copiotrophic bacteria under sustainable agricultural practices. Organic fertilisation promoted the abundance of bacteria involved in C and N cycling, while conservation tillage decreased those involved in the decomposition of plant residue. While sustainable agricultural practices had a minor effect on the overall fungal structure, they led to increases in symbiotic fungi abundance (e.g., Geoglossaceae). Additionally, we observed a slight increase in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a slight reduction in pathogenic fungi associated with plant disease (e.g., Botryosphaeriaceae). Higher soil microbial taxonomic diversity did not lead to increased soil multifunctionality; however, it could safeguard resilience for soil functions via the diversity insurance effect. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
土壤微生物可为农业生态系统带来多种益处,而可持续农业实践则可促进这些益处。然而,解释这种关系的机制尚未明确阐明。尽管有研究报告称,可持续农业实践促进了微生物生物量的提高,但对土壤微生物组成和功能的广泛影响仍不确定。因此,我们在全球范围内搜索了传统农业实践和可持续农业实践下的土壤微生物群落对比田间试验。我们分析了从 46 篇文章中获得的 924 项细菌或真菌相对丰度结果(分别使用 16 S 和 ITS rRNA 扩增子测序)。我们发现,在可持续农业实践中,土壤细菌丰富度较高,共生细菌的丰度也较高。有机肥料提高了参与碳和氮循环的细菌数量,而保护性耕作则降低了参与植物残留物分解的细菌数量。虽然可持续农业措施对整体真菌结构的影响较小,但却增加了共生真菌(如地衣科)的数量。此外,我们还观察到丛枝菌根真菌略有增加,与植物病害相关的病原真菌(如 Botryosphaeriaceae)略有减少。较高的土壤微生物分类多样性并不能提高土壤的多功能性;但是,它可以通过多样性保险效应保障土壤功能的恢复力。这项研究证实,可持续农业实践能显著影响微生物群落,导致组成和结构变化,并促进农业生态系统的相关功能。总之,这些结果凸显了将群落生态学概念融入农业管理实践以实现可持续农业系统的重要性。
Effects of sustainable agricultural practices on soil microbial diversity, composition, and functions
Soil microorganisms can provide multiple benefits to agroecosystems, which are assumed to be promoted by sustainable agricultural practices. However, the mechanisms that explain this relationship have not been clearly elucidated. Although studies have reported that sustainable agricultural practices promote microbial biomass, the broader implications for soil microbial composition and functions remain uncertain. Accordingly, we searched field experiments worldwide contrasting soil microbial communities under conventional and sustainable agricultural practices. We analysed 924 results of relative abundance of bacteria or fungi (using 16 S and ITS rRNA amplicon sequencing, respectively) at the Family taxonomic level obtained from 46 articles. We found higher soil bacterial richness and higher abundance of copiotrophic bacteria under sustainable agricultural practices. Organic fertilisation promoted the abundance of bacteria involved in C and N cycling, while conservation tillage decreased those involved in the decomposition of plant residue. While sustainable agricultural practices had a minor effect on the overall fungal structure, they led to increases in symbiotic fungi abundance (e.g., Geoglossaceae). Additionally, we observed a slight increase in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a slight reduction in pathogenic fungi associated with plant disease (e.g., Botryosphaeriaceae). Higher soil microbial taxonomic diversity did not lead to increased soil multifunctionality; however, it could safeguard resilience for soil functions via the diversity insurance effect. This study establishes that sustainable agricultural practices can significantly influence microbial communities, leading to compositional and structural changes, as well as promoting relevant functions for agroecosystems. Altogether, these results highlight the importance of integrating concepts of community ecology into agricultural management practices for reaching sustainable agricultural systems.
期刊介绍:
Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment publishes scientific articles dealing with the interface between agroecosystems and the natural environment, specifically how agriculture influences the environment and how changes in that environment impact agroecosystems. Preference is given to papers from experimental and observational research at the field, system or landscape level, from studies that enhance our understanding of processes using data-based biophysical modelling, and papers that bridge scientific disciplines and integrate knowledge. All papers should be placed in an international or wide comparative context.