食草动物通过对病变组织进行选择性食草,既有利于植物,也有利于病原体

IF 5.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI:10.1111/1365-2745.14312
Naomi A. Murray, Katherine DuBois, John J. Stachowicz
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引用次数: 0

摘要

传染病会影响群落结构,尤其是当病原体影响基础物种时。海草是基础物种,在全球沿海形成草甸,控制沉积物沉积和生物地球化学循环,同时支持鱼类和无脊椎动物的多样化群落。这些植物是导致组织坏死的消耗性疾病的宿主,这可能会改变海草作为食物、栖息地和生态系统过程媒介的价值。然而,人们对这种生物交互作用以及对疾病动态的影响仍不甚了解。我们研究了一种常见的食草动物是否会影响海草萎缩病的发展。我们通过反复的野外调查,测量了一个草甸在两个夏季的枯萎病严重程度和流行率。我们通过微观世界和中观世界实验评估了鳗草食草动物对疾病传播和生长的作用。我们在选择试验中进一步探究了食草动物的取食偏好,该试验与植物组织的化学分析相结合,并使用结构方程模型进行分析。虽然食草动物会促进新病变在孤立叶片上的生长,但总的来说,在田间实际环境中,与无食草动物对照组相比,食草动物会使病变严重程度降低 50%以上。这可能是因为食草动物更喜欢吃病变组织而不是健康组织,在选择试验中,食草动物消耗的病变面积几乎是健康组织的两倍。这种偏好源于病原体导致的寄主植物变化;病变组织比未病变组织需要更小的穿透力。此外,随着病变面积的增加,其多酚浓度也会下降,这进一步增加了对病变组织的偏好程度。综述:这些结果表明,这些食草动物可以帮助维持该系统中疾病的高流行率(通过促进疾病的发展)和低严重性(通过优先食用),这与我们在食草动物密度较高的天然病床中观察到的近 100%的流行率和低严重性是一致的。描述海洋系统中这种多物种的相互作用将推动我们对未来疾病状态的预测,因为目前的认识主要集中在环境变化如何导致病原体爆发。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Herbivores can benefit both plants and their pathogens through selective herbivory on diseased tissue

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来源期刊
Journal of Ecology
Journal of Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
10.90
自引率
5.50%
发文量
207
审稿时长
3.0 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Ecology publishes original research papers on all aspects of the ecology of plants (including algae), in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. We do not publish papers concerned solely with cultivated plants and agricultural ecosystems. Studies of plant communities, populations or individual species are accepted, as well as studies of the interactions between plants and animals, fungi or bacteria, providing they focus on the ecology of the plants. We aim to bring important work using any ecological approach (including molecular techniques) to a wide international audience and therefore only publish papers with strong and ecological messages that advance our understanding of ecological principles.
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